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1 King Nebuchadnezzar, To the people of every nation and language who dwell in all the earth: May your prosperity be multiplied.
מַלְכָּ֗א
mal·kā
King
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
עַֽמְמַיָּ֞א
‘am·may·yā
To the people
לְֽכָל־
lə·ḵāl
of every
אֻמַיָּ֧א
’u·may·yā
nation
וְלִשָּׁנַיָּ֛א
wə·liš·šā·nay·yā
and language
דִּֽי־
dî-
who
דָאֲרִין
ḏå̄·ʾă·rīn
dwell
בְּכָל־
bə·ḵāl
in all
אַרְעָ֖א
’ar·‘ā
the earth :
שְׁלָמְכ֥וֹן
šə·lā·mə·ḵō·wn
May your prosperity
יִשְׂגֵּֽא׃
yiś·gê
be multiplied .
2 I am pleased to declare the signs and wonders that the Most High God has performed for me.
שְׁפַ֥ר
šə·p̄ar
I am pleased
קָֽדָמַ֖י
qā·ḏā·may
. . .
לְהַחֲוָיָֽה׃
lə·ha·ḥă·wā·yāh
to declare
אָֽתַיָּא֙
’ā·ṯay·yā
the signs
וְתִמְהַיָּ֔א
wə·ṯim·hay·yā
and wonders
דִּ֚י

that
עִלָּיָא
ʿil·lå̄·yå̄
the Most High
אֱלָהָ֖א
’ĕ·lā·hā
God
עֲבַ֣ד
‘ă·ḇaḏ
has performed
עִמִּ֔י
‘im·mî
for me .
3 How great are His signs, how mighty His wonders! His kingdom is an eternal kingdom; His dominion endures from generation to generation.
כְּמָ֣ה
kə·māh
How
רַבְרְבִ֔ין
raḇ·rə·ḇîn
great
אָת֙וֹהִי֙
’ā·ṯō·w·hî
[are] His signs ,
כְּמָ֣ה
kə·māh
how
תַקִּיפִ֑ין
ṯaq·qî·p̄în
mighty
וְתִמְה֖וֹהִי
wə·ṯim·hō·w·hî
His wonders !
מַלְכוּתֵהּ֙
mal·ḵū·ṯêh
His kingdom
עָלַ֔ם
‘ā·lam
is an eternal
מַלְכ֣וּת
mal·ḵūṯ
kingdom ;
וְשָׁלְטָנֵ֖הּ
wə·šā·lə·ṭā·nêh
His dominion endures
עִם־
‘im-
from
דָּ֥ר
dār
generation
וְדָֽר׃
wə·ḏār
to generation .
4 I, Nebuchadnezzar, was at ease in my house and flourishing in my palace.
אֲנָ֣ה
’ă·nāh
I ,
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
הֲוֵית֙
hă·wêṯ
was
שְׁלֵ֤ה
šə·lêh
at ease
בְּבֵיתִ֔י
bə·ḇê·ṯî
in my house
וְרַעְנַ֖ן
wə·ra‘·nan
and flourishing
בְּהֵיכְלִֽי׃
bə·hê·ḵə·lî
in my palace .
5 I had a dream, and it frightened me; while in my bed, the images and visions in my mind alarmed me.
חֲזֵ֖ית
ḥă·zêṯ
I had
חֵ֥לֶם
ḥê·lem
a dream ,
וִֽידַחֲלִנַּ֑נִי
wî·ḏa·ḥă·lin·na·nî
and it frightened me ;
עַֽל־
‘al-
while in
מִשְׁכְּבִ֔י
miš·kə·ḇî
my bed ,
וְהַרְהֹרִין֙
wə·har·hō·rîn
the images
וְחֶזְוֵ֥י
wə·ḥez·wê
and visions
רֵאשִׁ֖י
rê·šî
in my mind
יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי׃
yə·ḇa·hă·lun·na·nî
alarmed me .
6 So I issued a decree that all the wise men of Babylon be brought before me to interpret the dream for me.
וּמִנִּי֙
ū·min·nî
So
שִׂ֣ים
śîm
I issued
טְעֵ֔ם
ṭə·‘êm
a decree
לְכֹ֖ל
lə·ḵōl
that all
חַכִּימֵ֣י
ḥak·kî·mê
the wise men
בָבֶ֑ל
ḇā·ḇel
of Babylon
לְהַנְעָלָ֣ה
lə·han·‘ā·lāh
be brought
קָֽדָמַ֔י
qā·ḏā·may
before me
דִּֽי־
dî-
to
פְשַׁ֥ר
p̄ə·šar
interpret
חֶלְמָ֖א
ḥel·mā
the dream
יְהֽוֹדְעֻנַּֽנִי׃
yə·hō·wḏ·‘un·na·nî
for me .
7 When the magicians, enchanters, astrologers, and diviners came in, I told them the dream, and they could not interpret it for me.
בֵּאדַ֣יִן
bê·ḏa·yin
When
חַרְטֻמַיָּא֙
ḥar·ṭu·may·yā
the magicians ,
אָֽשְׁפַיָּ֔א
’ā·šə·p̄ay·yā
enchanters ,
כַּשְׂדָּיֵא
kaś·då̄·yē
astrologers ,
וְגָזְרַיָּ֑א
wə·ḡā·zə·ray·yā
and diviners
עָלֲלִין
ʿå̄·lă·līn
came in ,
אֲנָה֙
’ă·nāh
I
קֳדָ֣מֵיה֔וֹן
qo·ḏā·mê·hō·wn
. . .
אָמַ֤ר
’ā·mar
told them
וְחֶלְמָ֗א
wə·ḥel·mā
the dream ,
לָא־
lā-
and they could not
וּפִשְׁרֵ֖הּ
ū·p̄iš·rêh
interpret it
מְהוֹדְעִ֥ין
mə·hō·wḏ·‘în
לִֽי׃

for me .
8 But at last, into my presence came Daniel (whose name is Belteshazzar after the name of my god, and in whom is the spirit of the holy gods). And I told him the dream:
וְעַ֣ד
wə·‘aḏ
But at
אָחֳרֵ֡ין
’ā·ḥo·rên
last ,
קָֽדָמַ֨י
qā·ḏā·may
into my presence
עַל֩
‘al
came
דָּנִיֵּ֜אל
dā·nî·yêl
Daniel
דִּֽי־
dî-
( whose
שְׁמֵ֤הּ
šə·mêh
name is
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙
bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
Belteshazzar
כְּשֻׁ֣ם
kə·šum
after the name
אֱלָהִ֔י
’ĕ·lā·hî
of my god ,
וְדִ֛י
wə·ḏî
and in whom
רֽוּחַ־
rū·aḥ-
[is] the spirit
קַדִּישִׁ֖ין
qad·dî·šîn
of the holy
אֱלָהִ֥ין
’ĕ·lā·hîn
gods
בֵּ֑הּ
bêh
- ) .
אַמְרֵֽת׃
’am·rêṯ
And I told him
וְחֶלְמָ֖א
wə·ḥel·mā
the dream
קָֽדָמ֥וֹהִי
qā·ḏā·mō·w·hî
. . . :
9 “O Belteshazzar, chief of the magicians, I know that the spirit of the holy gods is in you and that no mystery baffles you. So explain to me the visions I saw in my dream, and their interpretation.
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֮
bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
“ O Belteshazzar ,
רַ֣ב
raḇ
chief
חַרְטֻמַיָּא֒
ḥar·ṭu·may·yā
of the magicians ,
אֲנָ֣ה
’ă·nāh
I
יִדְעֵ֗ת
yiḏ·‘êṯ
know
דִּ֠י

that
ר֣וּחַ
rū·aḥ
the spirit
קַדִּישִׁין֙
qad·dî·šîn
of the holy
אֱלָהִ֤ין
’ĕ·lā·hîn
gods
בָּ֔ךְ
bāḵ
[is] in you
וְכָל־
wə·ḵāl
and that
לָא־
lā-
no
רָ֖ז
rāz
mystery
אָנֵ֣ס
’ā·nês
baffles
לָ֑ךְ
lāḵ
you .
אֱמַֽר׃
’ĕ·mar
[So] explain to me
חֶזְוֵ֨י
ḥez·wê
the visions
דִֽי־
ḏî-
-
חֲזֵ֛ית
ḥă·zêṯ
I saw
חֶלְמִ֧י
ḥel·mî
in my dream ,
וּפִשְׁרֵ֖הּ
ū·p̄iš·rêh
and their interpretation .
10 In these visions of my mind as I was lying in bed, I saw this come to pass: There was a tree in the midst of the land, and its height was great.
וְחֶזְוֵ֥י
wə·ḥez·wê
In these visions
רֵאשִׁ֖י
rê·šî
of my mind
עַֽל־
‘al-
as I was lying
מִשְׁכְּבִ֑י
miš·kə·ḇî
in bed ,
חָזֵ֣ה
ḥā·zêh
I saw this
הֲוֵ֔ית
hă·wêṯ
come to pass :
וַאֲל֥וּ
wa·’ă·lū
There was
אִילָ֛ן
’î·lān
a tree
בְּג֥וֹא
bə·ḡō·w
in the midst
אַרְעָ֖א
’ar·‘ā
of the land ,
וְרוּמֵ֥הּ
wə·rū·mêh
and its height
שַׂגִּֽיא׃
śag·gî
was great .
11 The tree grew large and strong; its top reached the sky, and it was visible to the ends of the earth.
אִֽילָנָ֖א
’î·lā·nā
The tree
רְבָ֥ה
rə·ḇāh
grew large
וּתְקִ֑ף
ū·ṯə·qip̄
and strong ;
וְרוּמֵהּ֙
wə·rū·mêh
its top
יִמְטֵ֣א
yim·ṭê
reached
לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א
liš·may·yā
the sky ,
וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּ
wa·ḥă·zō·w·ṯêh
and it was visible
לְס֥וֹף
lə·sō·wp̄
to the ends
כָּל־
kāl-
. . .
אַרְעָֽא׃
’ar·‘ā
of the earth .
12 Its leaves were beautiful, its fruit was abundant, and upon it was food for all. Under it the beasts of the field found shelter, in its branches the birds of the air nested, and from it every creature was fed.
עָפְיֵ֤הּ
‘ā·p̄ə·yêh
Its leaves
שַׁפִּיר֙
šap·pîr
were beautiful ,
וְאִנְבֵּ֣הּ
wə·’in·bêh
its fruit
שַׂגִּ֔יא
śag·gî
was abundant ,
בֵ֑הּ
ḇêh
and upon it
וּמָז֨וֹן
ū·mā·zō·wn
was food
לְכֹ֖לָּא־
lə·ḵōl·lā-
for all .
תְּחֹת֜וֹהִי
tə·ḥō·ṯō·w·hî
Under it
חֵיוַ֣ת
ḥê·waṯ
the beasts
בָּרָ֗א
bā·rā
of the field
תַּטְלֵ֣ל׀
taṭ·lêl
found shelter ,
וּבְעַנְפ֙וֹהִי֙
ū·ḇə·‘an·p̄ō·w·hî
in its branches
צִפֲּרֵ֣י
ṣip·pă·rê
the birds
שְׁמַיָּ֔א
šə·may·yā
of the air
יְדֻרוּן
yə·ḏu·rūn
nested ,
וּמִנֵּ֖הּ
ū·min·nêh
and from it
כָּל־
kāl-
every
בִּשְׂרָֽא׃
biś·rā
creature
יִתְּזִ֥ין
yit·tə·zîn
was fed .
13 As I lay on my bed, I also saw in the visions of my mind a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven.
עַֽל־
‘al-
As I lay
מִשְׁכְּבִ֑י
miš·kə·ḇî
on my bed ,
וַאֲלוּ֙
wa·’ă·lū
. . .
חָזֵ֥ה
ḥā·zêh
I also saw
הֲוֵ֛ית
hă·wêṯ
. . .
בְּחֶזְוֵ֥י
bə·ḥez·wê
in the visions
רֵאשִׁ֖י
rê·šî
of my mind
עִ֣יר
‘îr
a watcher ,
וְקַדִּ֔ישׁ
wə·qad·dîš
a holy one ,
נָחִֽת׃
nā·ḥiṯ
coming down
מִן־
min-
from
שְׁמַיָּ֖א
šə·may·yā
heaven .
14 He called out in a loud voice: ‘Cut down the tree and chop off its branches; strip off its leaves and scatter its fruit. Let the beasts flee from under it, and the birds from its branches.
קָרֵ֨א
qā·rê
He called out
בְחַ֜יִל
ḇə·ḥa·yil
in a loud voice
וְכֵ֣ן
wə·ḵên
. . .
אָמַ֗ר
’ā·mar
. . . :
גֹּ֤דּוּ
gōd·dū
‘ Cut down
אִֽילָנָא֙
’î·lā·nā
the tree
וְקַצִּ֣צוּ
wə·qaṣ·ṣi·ṣū
and chop off
עַנְפ֔וֹהִי
‘an·p̄ō·w·hî
its branches ;
אַתַּ֥רוּ
’at·ta·rū
strip off
עָפְיֵ֖הּ
‘ā·p̄ə·yêh
its leaves
וּבַדַּ֣רוּ
ū·ḇad·da·rū
and scatter
אִנְבֵּ֑הּ
’in·bêh
its fruit .
חֵֽיוְתָא֙
ḥê·wə·ṯā
Let the beasts
תְּנֻ֤ד
tə·nuḏ
flee
מִן־
min-
from
תַּחְתּ֔וֹהִי
taḥ·tō·w·hî
under it ,
וְצִפְּרַיָּ֖א
wə·ṣip·pə·ray·yā
and the birds
מִן־
min-
from
עַנְפֽוֹהִי׃
‘an·p̄ō·w·hî
its branches .
15 But leave the stump with its roots in the ground, and a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven and graze with the beasts on the grass of the earth.
בְּרַ֨ם
bə·ram
But
שְׁבֻ֔קוּ
šə·ḇu·qū
leave
עִקַּ֤ר
‘iq·qar
the stump
שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙
šā·rə·šō·w·hî
with its roots
בְּאַרְעָ֣א
bə·’ar·‘ā
in the ground ,
וּבֶֽאֱסוּר֙
ū·ḇe·’ĕ·sūr
and a band
דִּֽי־
dî-
of
פַרְזֶ֣ל
p̄ar·zel
iron
וּנְחָ֔שׁ
ū·nə·ḥāš
and bronze around it ,
בְּדִתְאָ֖א
bə·ḏiṯ·’ā
in the tender grass
דִּ֣י

of
בָרָ֑א
ḇā·rā
the field .
יִצְטַבַּ֔ע
yiṣ·ṭab·ba‘
Let him be drenched
וּבְטַ֤ל
ū·ḇə·ṭal
with the dew
שְׁמַיָּא֙
šə·may·yā
of heaven
חֲלָקֵ֖הּ
ḥă·lā·qêh
and graze
וְעִם־
wə·‘im-
with
חֵיוְתָ֥א
ḥê·wə·ṯā
the beasts
בַּעֲשַׂ֥ב
ba·‘ă·śaḇ
on the grass
אַרְעָֽא׃
’ar·‘ā
of the earth .
16 Let his mind be changed from that of a man, and let him be given the mind of a beast till seven times pass him by.
לִבְבֵהּ֙
liḇ·ḇêh
Let his mind
יְשַׁנּ֔וֹן
yə·šan·nō·wn
be changed
מִן־
min-
from
אֱנוֹשָׁא
ʾɛ̆·nō·šå̄
that of a man ,
יִתְיְהִ֣ב
yiṯ·yə·hiḇ
and let him be given
וּלְבַ֥ב
ū·lə·ḇaḇ
the mind
חֵיוָ֖ה
ḥê·wāh
of a beast
וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה
wə·šiḇ·‘āh
till seven
עִדָּנִ֖ין
‘id·dā·nîn
times
יַחְלְפ֥וּן
yaḥ·lə·p̄ūn
pass him
עֲלֽוֹהִי׃
‘ă·lō·w·hî
by .
17 This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.’
פִּתְגָמָ֔א
piṯ·ḡā·mā
This decision
בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת
biḡ·zê·raṯ
is the decree
עִירִין֙
‘î·rîn
of the watchers ,
שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א
šə·’ê·lə·ṯā
the verdict
וּמֵאמַ֥ר
ū·mê·mar
declared
קַדִּישִׁ֖ין
qad·dî·šîn
by the holy ones ,
עַד־
‘aḏ-
so that
דִּבְרַ֡ת
diḇ·raṯ
. . .
דִּ֣י

. . .
חַ֠יַּיָּא
ḥay·yay·yā
the living
יִנְדְּע֣וּן
yin·də·‘ūn
will know
דִּֽי־
dî-
that
עִלָּיָא
ʿil·lå̄·yå̄
the Most High
שַׁלִּ֨יט
šal·lîṭ
rules
בְּמַלְכ֣וּת
bə·mal·ḵūṯ
over the kingdom
אֱנוֹשָׁא
ʾɛ̆·nō·šå̄
of mankind
יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ
yit·tə·nin·nah
and gives it
וּלְמַן־
ū·lə·man-
to whom
דִּ֤י

. . .
יִצְבֵּא֙
yiṣ·bê
He wishes ,
יְקִ֥ים
yə·qîm
setting
עֲלַיַּהּ׃
ʿă·lay·yah
over it
וּשְׁפַ֥ל
ū·šə·p̄al
the lowliest
אֲנָשִׁ֖ים
’ă·nā·šîm
of men . ’
18 This is the dream that I, King Nebuchadnezzar, saw. Now, Belteshazzar, tell me the interpretation, because none of the wise men of my kingdom can interpret it for me. But you are able, because the spirit of the holy gods is in you.”
דְּנָה֙
də·nāh
This
חֶלְמָ֣א
ḥel·mā
is the dream
אֲנָ֖ה
’ă·nāh
that I ,
מַלְכָּ֣א
mal·kā
King
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֑ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
חֲזֵ֔ית
ḥă·zêṯ
saw .
וְאַנְתָּה
wə·ʾan·tå̄h
Now ,
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֜ר
bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
Belteshazzar ,
אֱמַ֗ר
’ĕ·mar
tell me
פִּשְׁרֵ֣א׀
piš·rê
the interpretation ,
קֳבֵל֙
qo·ḇêl
because
דִּ֣י׀

. . .
לָֽא־
lā-
none
חַכִּימֵ֣י
ḥak·kî·mê
of the wise men
מַלְכוּתִ֗י
mal·ḵū·ṯî
of my kingdom
יָכְלִ֤ין
yā·ḵə·lîn
can
פִּשְׁרָא֙
piš·rā
interpret it
לְהוֹדָ֣עֻתַ֔נִי
lə·hō·w·ḏā·‘u·ṯa·nî
for me .
וְאַנְתָּה
wə·ʾan·tå̄h
But you
כָּהֵ֔ל
kā·hêl
[are] able ,
דִּ֛י

because
רֽוּחַ־
rū·aḥ-
the spirit
קַדִּישִׁ֖ין
qad·dî·šîn
of the holy
אֱלָהִ֥ין
’ĕ·lā·hîn
gods
בָּֽךְ׃
bāḵ
[is] in you . ”
19 For a time, Daniel, who was also known as Belteshazzar, was perplexed, and his thoughts alarmed him. So the king said, “Belteshazzar, do not let the dream or its interpretation alarm you.” “My lord,” replied Belteshazzar, “may the dream apply to those who hate you, and its interpretation to your enemies!
אֱדַ֨יִן
’ĕ·ḏa·yin
For
חֲדָ֔ה
ḥă·ḏāh
a
כְּשָׁעָ֣ה
kə·šā·‘āh
time ,
דָּֽנִיֵּ֜אל
dā·nî·yêl
Daniel ,
דִּֽי־
dî-
who
שְׁמֵ֣הּ
šə·mêh
was also known as
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֗ר
bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
Belteshazzar ,
אֶשְׁתּוֹמַם֙
’eš·tō·w·mam
was perplexed ,
וְרַעְיֹנֹ֖הִי
wə·ra‘·yō·nō·hî
and his thoughts
יְבַהֲלֻנֵּ֑הּ
yə·ḇa·hă·lun·nêh
alarmed him .
מַלְכָּ֜א
mal·kā
So the king
וְאָמַ֗ר
wə·’ā·mar
. . .
עָנֵ֨ה
‘ā·nêh
said ,
בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙
bê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
“ Belteshazzar ,
אַֽל־
’al-
do not
חֶלְמָ֤א
ḥel·mā
let the dream
וּפִשְׁרֵא֙
ū·p̄iš·rê
or its interpretation
יְבַהֲלָ֔ךְ
yə·ḇa·hă·lāḵ
alarm you . ”
מָרְאִי
må̄·rə·ʾī
“ My lord , ”
וְאָמַ֔ר
wə·’ā·mar
. . .
עָנֵ֤ה
‘ā·nêh
replied
בֵלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙
ḇê·lə·ṭə·šaṣ·ṣar
Belteshazzar ,
חֶלְמָ֥א
ḥel·mā
“ may the dream
לְשָׂנְאַיִךְ
lə·śå̄·nə·ʾa·yiḵ
apply to those who hate you ,
וּפִשְׁרֵ֥הּ
ū·p̄iš·rêh
and its interpretation
לְעָרַיִךְ׃
lə·ʿå̄·ra·yiḵ
to your enemies !
20 The tree you saw that grew large and strong, whose top reached the sky and was visible to all the earth,
אִֽילָנָא֙
’î·lā·nā
The tree
חֲזַ֔יְתָ
ḥă·zay·ṯā
you saw
דִּ֥י

that
רְבָ֖ה
rə·ḇāh
grew large
וּתְקִ֑ף
ū·ṯə·qip̄
and strong ,
וְרוּמֵהּ֙
wə·rū·mêh
whose top
יִמְטֵ֣א
yim·ṭê
reached
לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א
liš·may·yā
the sky
וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּ
wa·ḥă·zō·w·ṯêh
and was visible
לְכָל־
lə·ḵāl
to all
אַרְעָֽא׃
’ar·‘ā
the earth ,
21 whose foliage was beautiful and whose fruit was abundant, providing food for all, under which the beasts of the field lived, and in whose branches the birds of the air nested—
וְעָפְיֵ֤הּ
wə·‘ā·p̄ə·yêh
whose foliage
שַׁפִּיר֙
šap·pîr
was beautiful
וְאִנְבֵּ֣הּ
wə·’in·bêh
and whose fruit
שַׂגִּ֔יא
śag·gî
[was] abundant ,
וּמָז֨וֹן
ū·mā·zō·wn
providing food
לְכֹ֖לָּא־
lə·ḵōl·lā-
for all ,
בֵ֑הּ
ḇêh
תְּחֹת֗וֹהִי
tə·ḥō·ṯō·w·hî
under which
חֵיוַ֣ת
ḥê·waṯ
the beasts
בָּרָ֔א
bā·rā
of the field
תְּדוּר֙
tə·ḏūr
lived ,
וּבְעַנְפ֕וֹהִי
ū·ḇə·‘an·p̄ō·w·hî
and in whose branches
צִפֲּרֵ֥י
ṣip·pă·rê
the birds
שְׁמַיָּֽא׃
šə·may·yā
of the air
יִשְׁכְּנָ֖ן
yiš·kə·nān
nested —
22 you, O king, are that tree! For you have become great and strong; your greatness has grown to reach the sky, and your dominion extends to the ends of the earth.
אַנְתָּה
ʾan·tå̄h
you ,
מַלְכָּ֔א
mal·kā
O king ,
ה֣וּא

are [that tree] !
דִּ֥י

. . .
רְבַ֖ית
rə·ḇayṯ
For you have become great
וּתְקֵ֑פְתְּ
ū·ṯə·qê·p̄ət
and strong ;
וּרְבוּתָ֤ךְ
ū·rə·ḇū·ṯāḵ
your greatness
רְבָת֙
rə·ḇāṯ
has grown
וּמְטָ֣ת
ū·mə·ṭāṯ
to reach
לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א
liš·may·yā
the sky ,
וְשָׁלְטָנָ֖ךְ
wə·šā·lə·ṭā·nāḵ
and your dominion
לְס֥וֹף
lə·sō·wp̄
extends to the ends
אַרְעָֽא׃
’ar·‘ā
of the earth .
23 And you, O king, saw a watcher, a holy one, coming down from heaven and saying: ‘Cut down the tree and destroy it, but leave the stump with its roots in the ground, and a band of iron and bronze around it, in the tender grass of the field. Let him be drenched with the dew of heaven, and graze with the beasts of the field till seven times pass him by.’
וְדִ֣י
wə·ḏî
And
מַלְכָּ֡א
mal·kā
you, O king ,
חֲזָ֣ה
ḥă·zāh
saw
עִ֣יר
‘îr
a watcher ,
וְקַדִּ֣ישׁ
wə·qad·dîš
a holy one ,
נָחִ֣ת׀
nā·ḥiṯ
coming down
מִן־
min-
from
שְׁמַיָּ֡א
šə·may·yā
heaven
וְאָמַר֩
wə·’ā·mar
and saying :
גֹּ֨דּוּ
gōd·dū
‘ Cut down
אִֽילָנָ֜א
’î·lā·nā
the tree
וְחַבְּל֗וּהִי
wə·ḥab·bə·lū·hî
and destroy it ,
בְּרַ֨ם
bə·ram
but
שְׁבֻ֔קוּ
šə·ḇu·qū
leave
עִקַּ֤ר
‘iq·qar
the stump
שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙
šā·rə·šō·w·hî
with its roots
בְּאַרְעָ֣א
bə·’ar·‘ā
in the ground ,
וּבֶאֱסוּר֙
ū·ḇe·’ĕ·sūr
and a band
דִּֽי־
dî-
of
פַרְזֶ֣ל
p̄ar·zel
iron
וּנְחָ֔שׁ
ū·nə·ḥāš
and bronze [around it] ,
בְּדִתְאָ֖א
bə·ḏiṯ·’ā
in the tender grass
דִּ֣י

of
בָרָ֑א
ḇā·rā
the field .
יִצְטַבַּ֗ע
yiṣ·ṭab·ba‘
Let him be drenched
וּבְטַ֧ל
ū·ḇə·ṭal
with the dew
שְׁמַיָּ֣א
šə·may·yā
of heaven ,
חֲלָקֵ֔הּ
ḥă·lā·qêh
and graze
וְעִם־
wə·‘im-
with
חֵיוַ֤ת
ḥê·waṯ
the beasts
בָּרָא֙
bā·rā
of the field
עַ֛ד
‘aḏ
till
דִּֽי־
dî-
. . .
שִׁבְעָ֥ה
šiḇ·‘āh
seven
עִדָּנִ֖ין
‘id·dā·nîn
times
יַחְלְפ֥וּן
yaḥ·lə·p̄ūn
pass him
עֲלֽוֹהִי׃
‘ă·lō·w·hî
by . ’
24 This is the interpretation, O king, and this is the decree that the Most High has issued against my lord the king:
דְּנָ֥ה
də·nāh
This
פִשְׁרָ֖א
p̄iš·rā
is the interpretation ,
מַלְכָּ֑א
mal·kā
O king ,
וּגְזֵרַ֤ת
ū·ḡə·zê·raṯ
and this is the decree
עִלָּיָא
ʿil·lå̄·yå̄
that the Most High
הִ֔יא

. . .
מְטָ֖ת
mə·ṭāṯ
has issued
עַל־
‘al-
against
מַרְאִי
mar·ʾī
my lord
מַלְכָּֽא׃
mal·kā
the king :
25 You will be driven away from mankind, and your dwelling will be with the beasts of the field. You will feed on grass like an ox and be drenched with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass you by, until you acknowledge that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes.
וְלָ֣ךְ
wə·lāḵ
טָֽרְדִ֣ין
ṭā·rə·ḏîn
You will be driven away
מִן־
min-
from
אֲנָשָׁ֡א
’ă·nā·šā
mankind ,
מְדֹרָ֜ךְ
mə·ḏō·rāḵ
and your dwelling
לֶהֱוֵ֨ה
le·hĕ·wêh
will be
וְעִם־
wə·‘im-
with
חֵיוַ֣ת
ḥê·waṯ
the beasts
בָּרָא֩
bā·rā
of the field .
יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן
yə·ṭa·‘ă·mūn
You will feed on
וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א
wə·‘iś·bā
grass
כְתוֹרִ֣ין׀
ḵə·ṯō·w·rîn
like an ox
לָ֣ךְ
lāḵ
לָ֣ךְ
lāḵ
מְצַבְּעִ֔ין
mə·ṣab·bə·‘în
and be drenched
וּמִטַּ֤ל
ū·miṭ·ṭal
with the dew
שְׁמַיָּא֙
šə·may·yā
of heaven ,
וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה
wə·šiḇ·‘āh
and seven
עִדָּנִ֖ין
‘id·dā·nîn
times
יַחְלְפ֣וּן
yaḥ·lə·p̄ūn
shall pass
עֲלָ֑יךְ
ʿă·lå̄yḵ
you by ,
עַ֣ד
‘aḏ
until
דִּֽי־
dî-
. . .
תִנְדַּ֗ע
ṯin·da‘
you acknowledge
דִּֽי־
dî-
that
עִלָּיאָ֙
ʿil·lå̄y·ʾå̄
the Most High
שַׁלִּ֤יט
šal·lîṭ
rules
בְּמַלְכ֣וּת
bə·mal·ḵūṯ
over the kingdom
אֲנָשָׁ֔א
’ă·nā·šā
of mankind
יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃
yit·tə·nin·nah
and gives it
וּלְמַן־
ū·lə·man-
to whom
דִּ֥י

. . .
יִצְבֵּ֖א
yiṣ·bê
He wishes .
26 As for the command to leave the stump of the tree with its roots, your kingdom will be restored to you as soon as you acknowledge that Heaven rules.
וְדִ֣י
wə·ḏî
As for
אֲמַ֗רוּ
’ă·ma·rū
the command
לְמִשְׁבַּ֞ק
lə·miš·baq
to leave
עִקַּ֤ר
‘iq·qar
the stump
דִּ֣י

of
אִֽילָנָ֔א
’î·lā·nā
the tree
שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙
šā·rə·šō·w·hî
with its roots ,
מַלְכוּתָ֖ךְ
mal·ḵū·ṯāḵ
your kingdom
לָ֣ךְ
lāḵ
קַיָּמָ֑ה
qay·yā·māh
will be restored
מִן־
min-
to you
דִּ֣י

as soon as
תִנְדַּ֔ע
ṯin·da‘
you acknowledge
דִּ֥י

that
שְׁמַיָּֽא׃
šə·may·yā
Heaven
שַׁלִּטִ֖ן
šal·li·ṭin
rules .
27 Therefore, may my advice be pleasing to you, O king. Break away from your sins by doing what is right, and from your iniquities by showing mercy to the oppressed. Perhaps there will be an extension of your prosperity.”
לָהֵ֣ן
lā·hên
Therefore ,
מִלְכִּי֙
mil·kî
may my advice
יִשְׁפַּ֣ר
yiš·par
be pleasing
עֲלַיִךְ
ʿă·la·yiḵ
to you ,
מַלְכָּ֗א
mal·kā
O king .
פְרֻ֔ק
p̄ə·ruq
Break away
וַחֲטָיָךְ
wa·ḥă·ṭå̄·yå̄ḵ
from your sins
בְּצִדְקָ֣ה
bə·ṣiḏ·qāh
by doing what is right ,
וַעֲוָיָתָ֖ךְ
wa·‘ă·wā·yā·ṯāḵ
and from your iniquities
בְּמִחַ֣ן
bə·mi·ḥan
by showing mercy
עֲנָ֑יִן
‘ă·nā·yin
to the oppressed .
הֵ֛ן
hên
Perhaps
תֶּהֱוֵ֥א
te·hĕ·wê
there will be
אַרְכָ֖ה
’ar·ḵāh
an extension
לִשְׁלֵוְתָֽךְ׃
liš·lê·wə·ṯāḵ
of your prosperity . ”
28 All this happened to King Nebuchadnezzar.
כֹּ֣לָּא
kōl·lā
All
מְּטָ֔א
mə·ṭā
this happened
עַל־
‘al-
to
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֖ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar .
29 Twelve months later, as he was walking on the roof of the royal palace of Babylon,
תְּרֵֽי־
tə·rê-
Twelve
עֲשַׂ֑ר
‘ă·śar
. . .
יַרְחִ֖ין
yar·ḥîn
months
לִקְצָ֥ת
liq·ṣāṯ
later ,
הֲוָֽה׃
hă·wāh
as he was
מְהַלֵּ֥ךְ
mə·hal·lêḵ
walking
עַל־
‘al-
on
הֵיכַ֧ל
hê·ḵal
the roof of the royal palace
מַלְכוּתָ֛א
mal·ḵū·ṯā
. . .
דִּ֥י

of
בָבֶ֖ל
ḇā·ḇel
Babylon ,
30 the king exclaimed, “Is this not Babylon the Great, which I myself have built by the might of my power as a royal residence and for the glory of my majesty?”
מַלְכָּא֙
mal·kā
the king
וְאָמַ֔ר
wə·’ā·mar
. . .
עָנֵ֤ה
‘ā·nêh
exclaimed ,
דָא־
ḏā-
“ Is this
הִ֖יא

. . .
הֲלָ֥א
hă·lā
not
בָּבֶ֣ל
bā·ḇel
Babylon
רַבְּתָ֑א
rab·bə·ṯā
the Great ,
דִּֽי־
dî-
which
אֲנָ֤ה
’ă·nāh
I myself
בֱנַיְתַהּ֙
ḇĕ·nay·ṯah
have built
בִּתְקַ֥ף
biṯ·qap̄
by the might
חִסְנִ֖י
ḥis·nî
of my power
מַלְכ֔וּ
mal·ḵū
as a royal
לְבֵ֣ית
lə·ḇêṯ
residence
וְלִיקָ֥ר
wə·lî·qār
and for the glory
הַדְרִֽי׃
haḏ·rî
of my majesty ? ”
31 While the words were still in the king’s mouth, a voice came from heaven: “It is decreed to you, King Nebuchadnezzar, that the kingdom has departed from you.
מִלְּתָא֙
mil·lə·ṯā
While the words
ע֗וֹד
‘ō·wḏ
were still
מַלְכָּ֔א
mal·kā
in the king’s
בְּפֻ֣ם
bə·p̄um
mouth ,
קָ֖ל
qāl
a voice
נְפַ֑ל
nə·p̄al
came
מִן־
min-
from
שְׁמַיָּ֣א
šə·may·yā
heaven :
אָֽמְרִין֙
’ā·mə·rîn
“ It is decreed
לָ֤ךְ
lāḵ
to you ,
מַלְכָּ֔א
mal·kā
King
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
מַלְכוּתָ֖ה
mal·ḵū·ṯāh
that the kingdom
עֲדָ֥ת
‘ă·ḏāṯ
has departed
מִנָּֽךְ׃
min·nāḵ
from you .
32 You will be driven away from mankind to live with the beasts of the field, and you will feed on grass like an ox. And seven times will pass you by, until you acknowledge that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes.”
טָֽרְדִ֜ין
ṭā·rə·ḏîn
You will be driven away
וּמִן־
ū·min-
from
אֲנָשָׁא֩
’ă·nā·šā
mankind
לָ֨ךְ
lāḵ
מְדֹרָ֗ךְ
mə·ḏō·rāḵ
to live
וְֽעִם־
wə·‘im-
with
חֵיוַ֧ת
ḥê·waṯ
the beasts
בָּרָ֣א
bā·rā
of the field ,
יְטַעֲמ֔וּן
yə·ṭa·‘ă·mūn
and you will feed on
עִשְׂבָּ֤א
‘iś·bā
grass
כְתוֹרִין֙
ḵə·ṯō·w·rîn
like an ox
לָ֣ךְ
lāḵ
.
וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה
wə·šiḇ·‘āh
And seven
עִדָּנִ֖ין
‘id·dā·nîn
times
יַחְלְפ֣וּן
yaḥ·lə·p̄ūn
will pass
עִלַיִךְ
ʿi·la·yiḵ
you by ,
עַ֣ד
‘aḏ
until
דִּֽי־
dî-
. . .
תִנְדַּ֗ע
ṯin·da‘
you acknowledge
דִּֽי־
dî-
that
עִלָּיאָ֙
ʿil·lå̄y·ʾå̄
the Most High
שַׁלִּ֤יט
šal·lîṭ
rules
בְּמַלְכ֣וּת
bə·mal·ḵūṯ
over the kingdom
אֲנָשָׁ֔א
’ă·nā·šā
of mankind
יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃
yit·tə·nin·nah
and gives it
וּלְמַן־
ū·lə·man-
to whom
דִּ֥י

. . .
יִצְבֵּ֖א
yiṣ·bê
He wishes . ”
33 At that moment the sentence against Nebuchadnezzar was fulfilled. He was driven away from mankind. He ate grass like an ox, and his body was drenched with the dew of heaven, until his hair grew like the feathers of an eagle and his nails like the claws of a bird.
בַּהּ־
bah-
At that
שַׁעֲתָ֗א
ša·‘ă·ṯā
moment
מִלְּתָא֮
mil·lə·ṯā
the sentence
עַל־
‘al-
against
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר֒
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar
סָ֣פַת
sā·p̄aṯ
was fulfilled .
טְרִ֔יד
ṭə·rîḏ
He was driven away
וּמִן־
ū·min-
from
אֲנָשָׁ֣א
’ă·nā·šā
mankind .
יֵאכֻ֔ל
yê·ḵul
He ate
וְעִשְׂבָּ֤א
wə·‘iś·bā
grass
כְתוֹרִין֙
ḵə·ṯō·w·rîn
like an ox ,
גִּשְׁמֵ֣הּ
giš·mêh
and his body
יִצְטַבַּ֑ע
yiṣ·ṭab·ba‘
was drenched
וּמִטַּ֥ל
ū·miṭ·ṭal
with the dew
שְׁמַיָּ֖א
šə·may·yā
of heaven ,
עַ֣ד
‘aḏ
until
דִּ֥י

. . .
שַׂעְרֵ֛הּ
śa‘·rêh
his hair
רְבָ֖ה
rə·ḇāh
grew
כְּנִשְׁרִ֥ין
kə·niš·rîn
like [the feathers of] an eagle
וְטִפְר֥וֹהִי
wə·ṭip̄·rō·w·hî
and his nails
כְצִפְּרִֽין׃
ḵə·ṣip·pə·rîn
like [the claws of] a bird .
34 But at the end of those days I, Nebuchadnezzar, looked up to heaven, and my sanity was restored to me. Then I praised the Most High, and I honored and glorified Him who lives forever: “For His dominion is an everlasting dominion, and His kingdom endures from generation to generation.
וְלִקְצָ֣ת
wə·liq·ṣāṯ
But at the end
יֽוֹמַיָּה֩
yō·w·may·yāh
of those days
אֲנָ֨ה
’ă·nāh
I ,
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֜ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
עַיְנַ֣י׀
‘ay·nay
looked up
נִטְלֵ֗ת
niṭ·lêṯ
. . .
לִשְׁמַיָּ֣א
liš·may·yā
to heaven ,
וּמַנְדְּעִי֙
ū·man·də·‘î
and my sanity
יְת֔וּב
yə·ṯūḇ
was restored
עֲלַ֣י
‘ă·lay
to me .
בָּרְכֵ֔ת
bā·rə·ḵêṯ
Then I praised
וּלְעִלָּיָא
ū·lə·ʿil·lå̄·yå̄
the Most High ,
שַׁבְּחֵ֣ת
šab·bə·ḥêṯ
and I honored
וְהַדְּרֵ֑ת
wə·had·də·rêṯ
and glorified
דִּ֤י

. . .
וּלְחַ֥י
ū·lə·ḥay
Him who lives
עָלְמָ֖א
‘ā·lə·mā
forever :
שָׁלְטָנֵהּ֙
šā·lə·ṭā·nêh
“ For His dominion
עָלַ֔ם
‘ā·lam
is an everlasting
שָׁלְטָ֣ן
šā·lə·ṭān
dominion ,
וּמַלְכוּתֵ֖הּ
ū·mal·ḵū·ṯêh
and His kingdom
עִם־
‘im-
endures from
דָּ֥ר
dār
generation
וְדָֽר׃
wə·ḏār
to generation .
35 All the peoples of the earth are counted as nothing, and He does as He pleases with the army of heaven and the peoples of the earth. There is no one who can restrain His hand or say to Him, ‘What have You done?’”
וְכָל־
wə·ḵāl
All
דָּאֲרֵי
då̄·ʾă·rē
the peoples
אַרְעָא֙
’ar·‘ā
of the earth
חֲשִׁיבִ֔ין
ḥă·šî·ḇîn
are counted
כְּלָ֣ה
kə·lāh
as nothing ,
עָבֵד֙
‘ā·ḇêḏ
and He does
וּֽכְמִצְבְּיֵ֗הּ
ū·ḵə·miṣ·bə·yêh
as He pleases
בְּחֵ֣יל
bə·ḥêl
with the army
שְׁמַיָּ֔א
šə·may·yā
of heaven
וְדָאֲרֵי
wə·ḏå̄·ʾă·rē
and the peoples
אַרְעָ֑א
’ar·‘ā
of the earth .
אִיתַי֙
’î·ṯay
There is
וְלָ֤א
wə·lā
no
דִּֽי־
dî-
one who
יְמַחֵ֣א
yə·ma·ḥê
can restrain
בִידֵ֔הּ
ḇî·ḏêh
His hand
וְיֵ֥אמַר
wə·yê·mar
or say
לֵ֖הּ
lêh
to Him ,
מָ֥ה
māh
‘ What
עֲבַֽדְתְּ׃
‘ă·ḇaḏt
have You done ? ’”
36 At the same time my sanity was restored, my honor and splendor returned to me for the glory of my kingdom. My advisers and nobles sought me out, and I was restored to my throne, and surpassing greatness was added to me.
בֵּהּ־
bêh-
At
זִמְנָ֞א
zim·nā
the same time
מַנְדְּעִ֣י׀
man·də·‘î
my sanity
יְת֣וּב
yə·ṯūḇ
was restored
עֲלַ֗י
‘ă·lay
- ,
הַדְרִ֤י
haḏ·rî
my honor
וְזִוִי֙
wə·zi·wî
and splendor
יְת֣וּב
yə·ṯūḇ
returned
עֲלַ֔י
‘ă·lay
to me
וְלִ֕י
wə·lî
וְלִיקַ֨ר
wə·lî·qar
for the glory
מַלְכוּתִ֜י
mal·ḵū·ṯî
of my kingdom .
הַדָּֽבְרַ֥י
had·dā·ḇə·ray
My advisers
וְרַבְרְבָנַ֖י
wə·raḇ·rə·ḇā·nay
and nobles
יְבַע֑וֹן
yə·ḇa·‘ō·wn
sought me out ,
הָתְקְנַ֔ת
hā·ṯə·qə·naṯ
and I was restored
וְעַל־
wə·‘al-
to
מַלְכוּתִ֣י
mal·ḵū·ṯî
my throne ,
יַתִּירָ֖ה
yat·tî·rāh
and surpassing
וּרְב֥וּ
ū·rə·ḇū
greatness
ה֥וּסְפַת
hū·sə·p̄aṯ
was added
לִֽי׃

to me .
37 Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and exalt and glorify the King of heaven, for all His works are true and all His ways are just. And He is able to humble those who walk in pride.
כְּעַ֞ן
kə·‘an
Now
אֲנָ֣ה
’ă·nāh
I ,
נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר
nə·ḇū·ḵaḏ·neṣ·ṣar
Nebuchadnezzar ,
מְשַׁבַּ֨ח
mə·šab·baḥ
praise
וּמְרוֹמֵ֤ם
ū·mə·rō·w·mêm
and exalt
וּמְהַדַּר֙
ū·mə·had·dar
and glorify
לְמֶ֣לֶךְ
lə·me·leḵ
the King
שְׁמַיָּ֔א
šə·may·yā
of heaven ,
דִּ֤י

for
כָל־
ḵāl
all
מַעֲבָד֙וֹהִי֙
ma·‘ă·ḇā·ḏō·w·hî
His works
קְשֹׁ֔ט
qə·šōṭ
are true
וְאֹרְחָתֵ֖הּ
wə·’ō·rə·ḥā·ṯêh
and all His ways
דִּ֑ין
dîn
are just .
יָכִ֖ל
yā·ḵil
And He is able
לְהַשְׁפָּלָֽה׃פ
lə·haš·pā·lāh
to humble
וְדִי֙
wə·ḏî
those
מַהְלְכִ֣ין
mah·lə·ḵîn
who walk
בְּגֵוָ֔ה
bə·ḡê·wāh
in pride .