Berean Interlinear
1 Samuel
Chapter 13
Saul was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty-two years.
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
ben-
was [thirty]
was [thirty]
šā·nāh
years old
years old
bə·mā·lə·ḵōw
when he became king ,
when he became king ,
mā·laḵ
and he reigned
and he reigned
‘al-
over
over
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
ū·šə·tê
[forty-]two
[forty-]two
šā·nîm
years .
years .
He chose for himself three thousand men of Israel: Two thousand were with Saul at Michmash and in the hill country of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. And the rest of the troops he sent away, each to his own home.
šā·’ūl
[He]
[He]
way·yiḇ·ḥar-
chose
chose
lōw
for himself
for himself
šə·lō·šeṯ
three
three
’ă·lā·p̄îm
thousand [men]
thousand [men]
mî·yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel :
of Israel :
’al·pa·yim
Two thousand
Two thousand
way·yih·yū
were
were
‘im-
with
with
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
bə·miḵ·māś
at Michmash
at Michmash
ū·ḇə·har
and in the hill country
and in the hill country
bêṯ-
vvv
vvv
’êl
of Bethel ,
of Bethel ,
wə·’e·lep̄
and a thousand
and a thousand
hā·yū
were
were
‘im-
with
with
yō·w·nā·ṯān
Jonathan
Jonathan
bə·ḡiḇ·‘aṯ
in Gibeah
in Gibeah
bin·yā·mîn
of Benjamin .
of Benjamin .
wə·ye·ṯer
And the rest
And the rest
hā·‘ām
of the troops
of the troops
šil·laḥ
he sent away ,
he sent away ,
’îš
each
each
lə·’ō·hā·lāw
to his own [home] .
to his own [home] .
Then Jonathan attacked the Philistine outpost at Geba, and the Philistines heard about it. So Saul blew the ram’s horn throughout the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews hear!”
yō·w·nā·ṯān
Then Jonathan
Then Jonathan
’êṯ
-
-
way·yaḵ
attacked
attacked
pə·liš·tîm
the Philistine
the Philistine
nə·ṣîḇ
outpost
outpost
’ă·šer
bə·ḡe·ḇa‘
at Geba ,
at Geba ,
pə·liš·tîm
and the Philistines
and the Philistines
way·yiš·mə·‘ū
heard [about it] .
heard [about it] .
wə·šā·’ūl
So Saul
So Saul
tā·qa‘
blew
blew
baš·šō·w·p̄ār
the ram’s horn
the ram’s horn
bə·ḵāl
throughout
throughout
hā·’ā·reṣ
the land ,
the land ,
lê·mōr
saying ,
saying ,
hā·‘iḇ·rîm
“ Let the Hebrews
“ Let the Hebrews
yiš·mə·‘ū
hear !”
hear !”
And all Israel heard the news: “Saul has attacked an outpost of the Philistines, and now Israel has become a stench to the Philistines!” Then the people were summoned to join Saul at Gilgal.
wə·ḵāl
And all
And all
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
šā·mə·‘ū
heard
heard
lê·mōr
the news :
the news :
šā·’ūl
“ Saul
“ Saul
’eṯ-
-
-
hik·kāh
has attacked
has attacked
nə·ṣîḇ
an outpost
an outpost
pə·liš·tîm
of the Philistines ,
of the Philistines ,
wə·ḡam-
and now
and now
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
niḇ·’aš
has become a stench
has become a stench
bap·pə·liš·tîm
to the Philistines ! ”
to the Philistines ! ”
hā·‘ām
Then the people
Then the people
’a·ḥă·rê
. . .
. . .
way·yiṣ·ṣā·‘ă·qū
were summoned
were summoned
šā·’ūl
to join Saul
to join Saul
hag·gil·gāl
at Gilgal .
at Gilgal .
Now the Philistines assembled to fight against Israel with three thousand chariots, six thousand horsemen, and troops as numerous as the sand on the seashore. They went up and camped at Michmash, east of Beth-aven.
pā·rā·šîm
horsemen ,
horsemen ,
wə·‘ām
and troops
and troops
lā·rōḇ
as numerous
as numerous
ka·ḥō·wl
as the sand
as the sand
’ă·šer
-
-
‘al-
on
on
śə·p̄aṯ-
the seashore
the seashore
hay·yām
. . . .
. . . .
way·ya·‘ă·lū
They went up
They went up
way·ya·ḥă·nū
and camped
and camped
ḇə·miḵ·māś
at Michmash ,
at Michmash ,
qiḏ·maṯ
east
east
bêṯ
of
of
’ā·wen
Beth-aven .
Beth-aven .
ū·p̄ə·liš·tîm
Now the Philistines
Now the Philistines
ne·’es·p̄ū
assembled
assembled
lə·hil·lā·ḥêm
to fight
to fight
‘im-
against
against
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
šə·lō·šîm
with three
with three
’e·lep̄
thousand
thousand
re·ḵeḇ
chariots ,
chariots ,
wə·šê·šeṯ
six
six
’ă·lā·p̄îm
thousand
thousand
Seeing that they were in danger because their troops were hard-pressed, the men of Israel hid in caves and thickets, among the rocks, and in cellars and cisterns.
rā·’ū
Seeing
Seeing
kî
that
that
lōw
they were
they were
ṣar-
in danger
in danger
kî
because
because
hā·‘ām
their troops
their troops
nig·gaś
were hard-pressed ,
were hard-pressed ,
wə·’îš
the men
the men
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel
of Israel
hā·‘ām
-
-
way·yiṯ·ḥab·bə·’ū
hid
hid
bam·mə·‘ā·rō·wṯ
in caves
in caves
ū·ḇa·ḥă·wā·ḥîm
and thickets ,
and thickets ,
ū·ḇas·sə·lā·‘îm
among the rocks ,
among the rocks ,
ū·ḇaṣ·ṣə·ri·ḥîm
and in cellars
and in cellars
ū·ḇab·bō·rō·wṯ
and cisterns .
and cisterns .
Some Hebrews even crossed the Jordan into the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul, however, remained at Gilgal, and all his troops were quaking in fear.
wə·‘iḇ·rîm
Some Hebrews
Some Hebrews
‘ā·ḇə·rū
even crossed
even crossed
’eṯ-
-
-
hay·yar·dên
the Jordan
the Jordan
’e·reṣ
into the land
into the land
gāḏ
of Gad
of Gad
wə·ḡil·‘āḏ
and Gilead .
and Gilead .
wə·šā·’ūl
Saul, however ,
Saul, however ,
‘ō·w·ḏen·nū
remained
remained
ḇag·gil·gāl
at Gilgal ,
at Gilgal ,
wə·ḵāl
and all
and all
hā·‘ām
his troops
his troops
ḥā·rə·ḏū
were quaking in fear
were quaking in fear
’a·ḥă·rāw
. . . .
. . . .
And Saul waited seven days for the time appointed by Samuel, but Samuel did not come to Gilgal, and the troops began to desert Saul.
way·yī·ḥɛl
And [Saul] waited
And [Saul] waited
šiḇ·‘aṯ
seven
seven
yā·mîm
days
days
lam·mō·w·‘êḏ
for the time appointed
for the time appointed
’ă·šer
by
by
šə·mū·’êl
Samuel ,
Samuel ,
šə·mū·’êl
but Samuel
but Samuel
wə·lō-
did not
did not
ḇā
come
come
hag·gil·gāl
to Gilgal ,
to Gilgal ,
hā·‘ām
and the troops
and the troops
way·yā·p̄eṣ
began to desert
began to desert
mê·‘ā·lāw
[Saul] .
[Saul] .
So he said, “Bring me the burnt offering and the peace offerings.” And he offered up the burnt offering.
šā·’ūl
So [he]
So [he]
way·yō·mer
said ,
said ,
hag·gi·šū
“ Bring me
“ Bring me
’ê·lay
. . .
. . .
hā·‘ō·lāh
the burnt offering
the burnt offering
wə·haš·šə·lā·mîm
and the peace offerings . ”
and the peace offerings . ”
way·ya·‘al
And he offered up
And he offered up
hā·‘ō·lāh
the burnt offering .
the burnt offering .
Just as he finished offering the burnt offering, Samuel arrived, and Saul went out to greet him.
way·hî
-
-
kə·ḵal·lō·ṯōw
Just as he finished
Just as he finished
lə·ha·‘ă·lō·wṯ
offering
offering
hā·‘ō·lāh
the burnt offering ,
the burnt offering ,
wə·hin·nêh
. . .
. . .
šə·mū·’êl
Samuel
Samuel
bā
arrived ,
arrived ,
šā·’ūl
and Saul
and Saul
way·yê·ṣê
went out
went out
liq·rā·ṯōw
vvv
vvv
lə·ḇā·ră·ḵōw
to greet him .
to greet him .
“What have you done?” Samuel asked. And Saul replied, “When I saw that the troops were deserting me, and that you did not come at the appointed time and the Philistines were gathering at Michmash,
meh
“ What
“ What
‘ā·śî·ṯā
have you done ?”
have you done ?”
šə·mū·’êl
Samuel
Samuel
way·yō·mer
asked .
asked .
šā·’ūl
And Saul
And Saul
way·yō·mer
replied ,
replied ,
kî-
“ When
“ When
rā·’î·ṯî
I saw
I saw
ḵî-
that
that
hā·‘ām
the troops
the troops
nā·p̄aṣ
were deserting
were deserting
mê·‘ā·lay
me ,
me ,
wə·’at·tāh
and that you
and that you
lō-
did not
did not
ḇā·ṯā
come
come
lə·mō·w·‘êḏ
at the appointed
at the appointed
hay·yā·mîm
time
time
ū·p̄ə·liš·tîm
and the Philistines
and the Philistines
ne·’ĕ·sā·p̄îm
were gathering
were gathering
miḵ·māś
at Michmash ,
at Michmash ,
I thought, ‘Now the Philistines will descend upon me at Gilgal, and I have not sought the favor of the LORD.’ So I felt compelled to offer the burnt offering.”
wā·’ō·mar
I thought ,
I thought ,
‘at·tāh
‘ Now
‘ Now
p̄ə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
yê·rə·ḏū
will descend
will descend
’ê·lay
upon me
upon me
hag·gil·gāl
at Gilgal ,
at Gilgal ,
lō
and I have not
and I have not
ḥil·lî·ṯî
sought
sought
ū·p̄ə·nê
the favor
the favor
Yah·weh
of the LORD . ’
of the LORD . ’
wā·’eṯ·’ap·paq
So I felt compelled
So I felt compelled
wā·’a·‘ă·leh
to offer
to offer
hā·‘ō·lāh
the burnt offering .”
the burnt offering .”
“You have acted foolishly,” Samuel declared. “You have not kept the command that the LORD your God gave you; if you had, the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time.
nis·kā·lə·tā
“ You have acted foolishly , ”
“ You have acted foolishly , ”
šə·mū·’êl
Samuel
Samuel
way·yō·mer
declared
declared
’el-
-
-
šā·’ūl
- .
- .
lō
“ You have not
“ You have not
šā·mar·tā
kept
kept
’eṯ-
-
-
miṣ·waṯ
the command
the command
’ă·šer
that
that
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
’ĕ·lō·he·ḵā
your God
your God
ṣiw·wāḵ
gave you ;
gave you ;
kî
-
-
‘at·tāh
if you had ,
if you had ,
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
’eṯ-
-
-
hê·ḵîn
would have established
would have established
mam·laḵ·tə·ḵā
your kingdom
your kingdom
’el-
over
over
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
‘aḏ-
for
for
‘ō·w·lām
all time .
all time .
But now your kingdom will not endure; the LORD has sought a man after His own heart and appointed him ruler over His people, because you have not kept the command of the LORD.”
wə·‘at·tāh
But now
But now
mam·laḵ·tə·ḵā
your kingdom
your kingdom
lō-
will not
will not
ṯā·qūm
endure ;
endure ;
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
biq·qêš
has sought
has sought
lōw
’îš
a man
a man
kil·ḇā·ḇōw
after His own heart
after His own heart
way·ṣaw·wê·hū
and appointed him
and appointed him
Yah·weh
. . .
. . .
lə·nā·ḡîḏ
ruler
ruler
‘al-
over
over
‘am·mōw
His people ,
His people ,
kî
because
because
lō
you have not
you have not
šā·mar·tā
kept
kept
’êṯ
-
-
’ă·šer-
-
-
ṣiw·wə·ḵā
the command
the command
Yah·weh
of the LORD .”
of the LORD .”
Then Samuel set out from Gilgal and went up to Gibeah in Benjamin. And Saul numbered the troops who were with him, about six hundred men.
šə·mū·’êl
Then Samuel
Then Samuel
way·yā·qām
set out
set out
min-
from
from
hag·gil·gāl
Gilgal
Gilgal
way·ya·‘al
and went
and went
giḇ·‘aṯ
up to Gibeah
up to Gibeah
bin·yā·min
in Benjamin .
in Benjamin .
šā·’ūl
And Saul
And Saul
’eṯ-
way·yip̄·qōḏ
numbered
numbered
hā·‘ām
the troops
the troops
han·nim·ṣə·’îm
. . .
. . .
‘im·mōw
who were with him ,
who were with him ,
kə·šêš
about six
about six
mê·’ō·wṯ
hundred
hundred
’îš
men .
men .
Now Saul and Jonathan his son and the troops with them were staying in Geba of Benjamin, while the Philistines camped at Michmash.
wə·šā·’ūl
Now Saul
Now Saul
wə·yō·w·nā·ṯān
and Jonathan
and Jonathan
bə·nōw
his son
his son
wə·hā·‘ām
and the troops
and the troops
han·nim·ṣā
. . .
. . .
‘im·mām
with them
with them
yō·šə·ḇîm
were staying
were staying
bə·ḡe·ḇa‘
in Geba
in Geba
bin·yā·min
of Benjamin ,
of Benjamin ,
ū·p̄ə·liš·tîm
while the Philistines
while the Philistines
ḥā·nū
camped
camped
ḇə·miḵ·māś
at Michmash .
at Michmash .
And raiders went out of the Philistine camp in three divisions. One headed toward Ophrah in the land of Shual,
ham·maš·ḥîṯ
And raiders
And raiders
way·yê·ṣê
went out
went out
p̄ə·liš·tîm
of the Philistine
of the Philistine
mim·ma·ḥă·nêh
camp
camp
šə·lō·šāh
in three
in three
rā·šîm
divisions .
divisions .
’e·ḥāḏ
One
One
hā·rōš
-
-
yip̄·neh
headed
headed
’el-
toward
toward
‘ā·p̄ə·rāh
Ophrah
Ophrah
de·reḵ
-
-
’el-
-
-
’e·reṣ
in the land
in the land
šū·‘āl
of Shual ,
of Shual ,
another toward Beth-horon, and the third down the border road overlooking the Valley of Zeboim facing the wilderness.
’e·ḥāḏ
another
another
wə·hā·rōš
-
-
yip̄·neh
-
-
ḥō·rō·wn
toward Beth-horon
toward Beth-horon
de·reḵ
-
-
bêṯ
,
,
wə·hā·rōš
and the [third]
and the [third]
’e·ḥāḏ
. . .
. . .
yip̄·neh
-
-
hag·gə·ḇūl
down the border
down the border
de·reḵ
road
road
han·niš·qāp̄
overlooking
overlooking
‘al-
. . .
. . .
gê
the Valley
the Valley
haṣ·ṣə·ḇō·‘îm
of Zeboim
of Zeboim
ham·miḏ·bā·rāh
facing the wilderness .
facing the wilderness .
And no blacksmith could be found in all the land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, “The Hebrews must not be allowed to make swords or spears.”
lō
And no
And no
wə·ḥā·rāš
blacksmith
blacksmith
yim·mā·ṣê
could be found
could be found
bə·ḵōl
in all
in all
’e·reṣ
the land
the land
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel ,
of Israel ,
kî-
because
because
p̄ə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
ʾå̄·mar
had said ,
had said ,
hā·‘iḇ·rîm
“ The Hebrews
“ The Hebrews
pen
must not be allowed
must not be allowed
ya·‘ă·śū
to make
to make
ḥe·reḇ
swords
swords
’ōw
or
or
ḥă·nîṯ
spears .”
spears .”
Instead, all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen their plowshares, mattocks, axes, and sickles.
ḵāl
Instead, all
Instead, all
yiś·rā·’êl
the Israelites
the Israelites
way·yê·rə·ḏū
would go down
would go down
hap·pə·liš·tîm
to the Philistines
to the Philistines
lil·ṭō·wōš
to sharpen
to sharpen
’îš
. . .
. . .
’eṯ-
-
-
ma·ḥă·raš·tōw
their plowshares ,
their plowshares ,
wə·’eṯ-
-
-
’ê·ṯōw
mattocks ,
mattocks ,
wə·’eṯ-
-
-
qar·dum·mōw
axes ,
axes ,
wə·’êṯ
-
-
ma·ḥă·rê·šā·ṯōw
and sickles .
and sickles .
The charge was a pim for sharpening a plowshare or mattock, a third of a shekel for sharpening a pitchfork or an axe, and a third of a shekel for repointing an oxgoad.
hap·pə·ṣî·rāh
The charge
The charge
wə·hā·yə·ṯāh
was
was
p̄îm
a pim
a pim
lam·ma·ḥă·rê·šōṯ
for [sharpening] a plowshare
for [sharpening] a plowshare
wə·lā·’ê·ṯîm
or mattock ,
or mattock ,
wə·liš·lōš
a third [of a shekel]
a third [of a shekel]
qil·lə·šō·wn
for [sharpening] a pitchfork
for [sharpening] a pitchfork
ū·lə·haq·qar·dum·mîm
or an axe ,
or an axe ,
ū·lə·haṣ·ṣîḇ
and [a third of a shekel] for repointing
and [a third of a shekel] for repointing
had·dā·rə·ḇān
an oxgoad .
an oxgoad .
So on the day of battle not a sword or spear could be found in the hands of the troops with Saul and Jonathan; only Saul and his son Jonathan had weapons.
wa·ḥă·nîṯ
or spear
or spear
nim·ṣā
could be found
could be found
bə·yaḏ
in the hands
in the hands
kāl-
vvv
vvv
hā·‘ām
of the troops
of the troops
’ă·šer
-
-
’eṯ-
with
with
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
wə·’eṯ-
. . .
. . .
yō·w·nā·ṯān
and Jonathan ;
and Jonathan ;
wat·tim·mā·ṣê
. . .
. . .
lə·šā·’ūl
only Saul
only Saul
bə·nōw
and his son
and his son
ū·lə·yō·w·nā·ṯān
Jonathan had weapons .
Jonathan had weapons .
wə·hā·yāh
So
So
bə·yō·wm
on the day
on the day
mil·ḥe·meṯ
of battle
of battle
wə·lō
not
not
ḥe·reḇ
a sword
a sword
And a garrison of the Philistines had gone out to the pass at Michmash.
maṣ·ṣaḇ
And a garrison
And a garrison
pə·liš·tîm
of the Philistines
of the Philistines
’el-
. . .
. . .
way·yê·ṣê
had gone out
had gone out
ma·‘ă·ḇar
to the pass
to the pass
miḵ·māś
at Michmash .
at Michmash .