Berean Interlinear
1 Samuel
Chapter 18
After David had finished speaking with Saul, the souls of Jonathan and David were knit together, and Jonathan loved him as himself.
way·hî
After
After
kə·ḵal·lō·ṯōw
David had finished
David had finished
lə·ḏab·bêr
speaking
speaking
’el-
with
with
šā·’ūl
Saul ,
Saul ,
wə·ne·p̄eš
the souls
the souls
yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān
of Jonathan
of Jonathan
dā·wiḏ
and David
and David
niq·šə·rāh
were knit together
were knit together
bə·ne·p̄eš
. . . ,
. . . ,
yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān
and Jonathan
and Jonathan
way·yɛ·ʾɛ̆·hå̄·ḇō
loved him
loved him
kə·nap̄·šōw
as himself .
as himself .
And from that day Saul kept David with him and did not let him return to his father’s house.
Then Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself.
yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān
Then Jonathan
Then Jonathan
way·yiḵ·rōṯ
made
made
bə·rîṯ
a covenant
a covenant
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
with David
with David
bə·’a·hă·ḇā·ṯōw
because he loved
because he loved
’ō·ṯōw
him
him
kə·nap̄·šōw
as himself .
as himself .
And Jonathan removed the robe he was wearing and gave it to David, along with his tunic, his sword, his bow, and his belt.
yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān
And Jonathan
And Jonathan
’eṯ-
-
-
way·yiṯ·paš·šêṭ
removed
removed
ham·mə·‘îl
the robe
the robe
’ă·šer
-
-
‘ā·lāw
he was wearing
he was wearing
way·yit·tə·nê·hū
and gave
and gave
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
it to David ,
it to David ,
ū·mad·dāw
along with his tunic ,
along with his tunic ,
wə·‘aḏ-
. . .
. . .
ḥar·bōw
his sword ,
his sword ,
wə·‘aḏ-
. . .
. . .
qaš·tōw
his bow ,
his bow ,
wə·‘aḏ-
. . .
. . .
ḥă·ḡō·rōw
and his belt .
and his belt .
So David marched out and prospered in everything Saul sent him to do, and Saul set him over the men of war. And this was pleasing in the sight of all the people, and of Saul’s officers as well.
ḏā·wiḏ
So David
So David
way·yê·ṣê
marched out
marched out
yaś·kîl
[and] prospered
[and] prospered
bə·ḵōl
in everything
in everything
’ă·šer
-
-
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
yiš·lā·ḥen·nū
sent him to do ,
sent him to do ,
šā·’ūl
and Saul
and Saul
way·śi·mê·hū
set him
set him
‘al
over
over
’an·šê
the men
the men
ham·mil·ḥā·māh
of war .
of war .
way·yî·ṭaḇ
And this was pleasing
And this was pleasing
bə·‘ê·nê
in the sight
in the sight
ḵāl
of all
of all
hā·‘ām
the people ,
the people ,
šā·’ūl
and of Saul’s
and of Saul’s
‘aḇ·ḏê
officers
officers
wə·ḡam
as well
as well
bə·‘ê·nê
. . . .
. . . .
As the troops were returning home after David had killed the Philistine, the women came out of all the cities of Israel to meet King Saul with singing and dancing, with joyful songs, and with tambourines and other instruments.
way·hî
As the troops
As the troops
bə·ḇō·w·’ām
vvv
vvv
bə·šūḇ
were returning home
were returning home
dā·wiḏ
after David
after David
mê·hak·kō·wṯ
had killed
had killed
’eṯ-
-
-
hap·pə·liš·tî
the Philistine ,
the Philistine ,
han·nā·šîm
the women
the women
wat·tê·ṣe·nāh
came out
came out
mik·kāl
of all
of all
‘ā·rê
the cities
the cities
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel
of Israel
liq·raṯ
to meet
to meet
ham·me·leḵ
King
King
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
lå̄·šūr
with singing
with singing
wə·ham·mə·ḥō·lō·wṯ
and dancing ,
and dancing ,
bə·śim·ḥāh
with joyful songs ,
with joyful songs ,
bə·ṯup·pîm
and with tambourines
and with tambourines
ū·ḇə·šā·li·šîm
and other instruments .
and other instruments .
And as the women danced, they sang out: “Saul has slain his thousands, and David his tens of thousands.”
ham·śa·ḥă·qō·wṯ
And as the women danced
And as the women danced
han·nā·šîm
. . . ,
. . . ,
wat·tō·mar·nā
vvv
vvv
wat·ta·‘ă·ne·nāh
they sang out :
they sang out :
šā·’ūl
“ Saul
“ Saul
hik·kāh
has slain
has slain
bə·ʾal·pō
[his] thousands ,
[his] thousands ,
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
and David
and David
bə·riḇ·ḇō·ṯāw
his tens of thousands . ”
his tens of thousands . ”
And Saul was furious and resented this song. “They have ascribed tens of thousands to David,” he said, “but only thousands to me. What more can he have but the kingdom?”
lə·šā·’ūl
And Saul
And Saul
way·yi·ḥar
was furious
was furious
mə·’ōḏ
. . .
. . .
way·yê·ra‘
and resented
and resented
bə·‘ê·nāw
. . .
. . .
haz·zeh
this
this
had·dā·ḇār
song .
song .
nā·ṯə·nū
“ They have ascribed
“ They have ascribed
rə·ḇā·ḇō·wṯ
tens of thousands
tens of thousands
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
to David , ”
to David , ”
way·yō·mer
he said ,
he said ,
nā·ṯə·nū
“ but only
“ but only
hā·’ă·lā·p̄îm
thousands
thousands
wə·lî
to me .
to me .
wə·‘ō·wḏ
What more
What more
lōw
can he have
can he have
’aḵ
but
but
ham·mə·lū·ḵāh
the kingdom ?”
the kingdom ?”
And from that day forward Saul kept a jealous eye on David.
way·hî
And
And
ha·hū
from that
from that
mê·hay·yō·wm
day
day
wā·hā·lə·’āh
forward
forward
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
ʿå̄·wōn
kept a jealous eye
kept a jealous eye
’eṯ-
-
-
dā·wiḏ
on David .
on David .
The next day a spirit of distress sent from God came upon Saul, and he prophesied inside the house while David played the harp as usual. Now Saul was holding a spear,
bə·yā·ḏōw
was holding
was holding
wə·ha·ḥă·nîṯ
a spear ,
a spear ,
bə·yaḏ-
. . .
. . .
way·hî
-
-
mim·mā·ḥo·rāṯ
The next day
The next day
rū·aḥ
a spirit
a spirit
rā·‘āh
of distress
of distress
’ĕ·lō·hîm
sent from God
sent from God
wat·tiṣ·laḥ
came
came
’el-
upon
upon
šā·’ūl
Saul ,
Saul ,
way·yiṯ·nab·bê
and he prophesied
and he prophesied
ḇə·ṯō·wḵ-
inside the
inside the
hab·ba·yiṯ
house
house
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
while David
while David
mə·nag·gên
played [the harp]
played [the harp]
kə·yō·wm
vvv
vvv
bə·yō·wm
as usual .
as usual .
šā·’ūl
Now Saul
Now Saul
and he hurled it, thinking, “I will pin David to the wall.” But David eluded him twice.
šā·’ūl
and he
and he
’eṯ-
-
-
way·yā·ṭel
hurled it
hurled it
ha·ḥă·nîṯ
. . . ,
. . . ,
way·yō·mer
thinking ,
thinking ,
’ak·keh
“ I will pin
“ I will pin
ḇə·ḏā·wiḏ
David
David
ū·ḇaq·qîr
to the wall .”
to the wall .”
dā·wiḏ
But David
But David
way·yis·sōḇ
eluded
eluded
mip·pā·nāw
him
him
pa·‘ă·mā·yim
twice .
twice .
So Saul was afraid of David, because the LORD was with David but had departed from Saul.
Therefore Saul sent David away and gave him command of a thousand men. David led the troops out to battle and back,
šā·’ūl
Therefore Saul
Therefore Saul
mê·‘im·mōw
. . .
. . .
way·si·rê·hū
sent [David] away
sent [David] away
way·śi·mê·hū
and gave
and gave
lōw
him
him
śar-
command
command
’ā·lep̄
of a thousand men .
of a thousand men .
way·yê·ṣê
David led
David led
hā·‘ām
the troops {out to battle}
the troops {out to battle}
way·yā·ḇō
and back
and back
lip̄·nê
. . . ,
. . . ,
and he continued to prosper in all his ways, because the LORD was with him.
When Saul saw that David was very successful, he was afraid of him.
šā·’ūl
When Saul
When Saul
way·yar
saw
saw
’ă·šer-
that
that
hū
David
David
mə·’ōḏ
was very
was very
maś·kîl
successful ,
successful ,
way·yā·ḡār
he was afraid
he was afraid
mip·pā·nāw
of him .
of him .
But all Israel and Judah loved David, because he was leading them out to battle and back.
wə·ḵāl
But all
But all
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
wî·hū·ḏāh
and Judah
and Judah
’ō·hêḇ
loved
loved
’eṯ-
-
-
dā·wiḏ
David ,
David ,
kî-
because
because
hū
he
he
yō·w·ṣê
was leading them out to battle
was leading them out to battle
wā·ḇā
and back
and back
lip̄·nê·hem
- .
- .
Then Saul said to David, “Here is my older daughter Merab. I will give her to you in marriage. Only be valiant for me and fight the LORD’s battles.” But Saul was thinking, “I need not raise my hand against him; let the hand of the Philistines be against him.”
šā·’ūl
Then Saul
Then Saul
way·yō·mer
said
said
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David ,
David ,
hin·nêh
“ Here
“ Here
hag·gə·ḏō·w·lāh
is my older
is my older
ḇit·tî
daughter
daughter
mê·raḇ
Merab .
Merab .
’ō·ṯāh
-
-
’et·ten-
I will give her
I will give her
lə·ḵā
to you
to you
lə·’iš·šāh
in marriage .
in marriage .
’aḵ
Only
Only
hĕ·yêh-
be
be
ḥa·yil
valiant
valiant
lî
for me
for me
lə·ḇen-
wə·hil·lā·ḥêm
and fight
and fight
Yah·weh
the LORD’s
the LORD’s
mil·ḥă·mō·wṯ
battles .”
battles .”
wə·šā·’ūl
But Saul
But Saul
’ā·mar
was thinking ,
was thinking ,
’al-
“ vvv
“ vvv
tə·hî
I need not raise
I need not raise
yā·ḏî
my hand
my hand
bōw
against him ;
against him ;
yaḏ-
let the hand
let the hand
pə·liš·tîm
of the Philistines
of the Philistines
ū·ṯə·hî-
be
be
ḇōw
against him .”
against him .”
And David said to Saul, “Who am I, and what is my family or my father’s clan in Israel, that I should become the son-in-law of the king?”
dā·wiḏ
And David
And David
way·yō·mer
said
said
’el-
to
to
šā·’ūl
Saul ,
Saul ,
mî
“ Who
“ Who
’ā·nō·ḵî
am I ,
am I ,
ū·mî
and what
and what
ḥay·yay
is my family
is my family
’ā·ḇî
or my father’s
or my father’s
miš·pa·ḥaṯ
clan
clan
bə·yiś·rā·’êl
in Israel ,
in Israel ,
kî-
that
that
’eh·yeh
I should become
I should become
ḥā·ṯān
the son-in-law
the son-in-law
lam·me·leḵ
of the king ?”
of the king ?”
So when it was time to give Saul’s daughter Merab to David, she was given in marriage to Adriel of Meholah.
way·hî
So when it was
So when it was
bə·‘êṯ
time
time
têṯ
to give
to give
’eṯ-
-
-
šā·’ūl
Saul’s
Saul’s
baṯ-
daughter
daughter
mê·raḇ
Merab
Merab
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
to David ,
to David ,
wə·hî
she
she
nit·tə·nāh
was given
was given
lə·’iš·šāh
in marriage
in marriage
lə·‘aḏ·rî·’êl
to Adriel
to Adriel
ham·mə·ḥō·lā·ṯî
of Meholah .
of Meholah .
Now Saul’s daughter Michal loved David, and when this was reported to Saul, it pleased him.
šā·’ūl
Now Saul’s
Now Saul’s
’eṯ-
-
-
baṯ-
daughter
daughter
mî·ḵal
Michal
Michal
wat·te·’ĕ·haḇ
loved
loved
dā·wiḏ
David ,
David ,
way·yag·gi·ḏū
and when this was reported
and when this was reported
lə·šā·’ūl
to Saul ,
to Saul ,
had·dā·ḇār
it
it
way·yi·šar
pleased
pleased
bə·‘ê·nāw
him .
him .
“I will give her to David,” Saul thought, “so that she may be a snare to him, and the hand of the Philistines may be against him.” So Saul said to David, “For a second time now you can be my son-in-law.”
’et·tə·nen·nāh
“ I will give her
“ I will give her
lōw
to [David] , ”
to [David] , ”
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
way·yō·mer
thought ,
thought ,
ū·ṯə·hî-
“ so that she may be
“ so that she may be
lə·mō·w·qêš
a snare
a snare
lōw
to him ,
to him ,
yaḏ-
and the hand
and the hand
pə·liš·tîm
of the Philistines
of the Philistines
ū·ṯə·hî-
may be
may be
ḇōw
against him .”
against him .”
šā·’ūl
So Saul
So Saul
way·yō·mer
said
said
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David ,
David ,
biš·ta·yim
“ For a second [time]
“ For a second [time]
hay·yō·wm
now
now
tiṯ·ḥat·tên
you can be my son-in-law
you can be my son-in-law
bî
.”
.”
Then Saul ordered his servants, “Speak to David privately and tell him, ‘Behold, the king is pleased with you, and all his servants love you. Now therefore, become his son-in-law.’”
šā·’ūl
Then Saul
Then Saul
’eṯ-
-
-
way·ṣaw
ordered
ordered
ʿă·ḇå̄·ḏå̄w
his servants ,
his servants ,
dab·bə·rū
“ Speak
“ Speak
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David
David
bal·lāṭ
privately
privately
lê·mōr
and tell him ,
and tell him ,
hin·nêh
‘ Behold ,
‘ Behold ,
ham·me·leḵ
the king
the king
ḥā·p̄êṣ
is pleased
is pleased
bə·ḵā
with you ,
with you ,
wə·ḵāl
and all
and all
‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw
his servants
his servants
’ă·hê·ḇū·ḵā
love you .
love you .
wə·‘at·tāh
Now therefore ,
Now therefore ,
bam·me·leḵ
become his
become his
hiṯ·ḥat·tên
son-in-law . ’”
son-in-law . ’”
But when Saul’s servants relayed these words to David, he replied, “Does it seem trivial in your sight to be the son-in-law of the king? I am a poor man and lightly esteemed.”
šā·’ūl
But when Saul’s
But when Saul’s
‘aḇ·ḏê
servants
servants
way·ḏab·bə·rū
relayed
relayed
bə·’ā·zə·nê
. . .
. . .
hā·’êl·leh
these
these
had·də·ḇā·rîm
words
words
ḏā·wiḏ
to David ,
to David ,
’eṯ-
-
-
dā·wiḏ
he
he
way·yō·mer
replied ,
replied ,
han·qal·lāh
“ Does it seem trivial
“ Does it seem trivial
ḇə·‘ê·nê·ḵem
in your sight
in your sight
hiṯ·ḥat·tên
to be the son-in-law
to be the son-in-law
bam·me·leḵ
of the king ?
of the king ?
wə·’ā·nō·ḵî
I
I
rāš
am a poor
am a poor
’îš-
man
man
wə·niq·leh
and lightly esteemed .”
and lightly esteemed .”
And the servants told Saul what David had said.
‘aḇ·ḏê
And the servants
And the servants
way·yag·gi·ḏū
told
told
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
lōw
lê·mōr
-
-
hā·’êl·leh
what
what
kad·də·ḇā·rîm
. . .
. . .
dā·wiḏ
David
David
dib·ber
had said .
had said .
Saul replied, “Say to David, ‘The king desires no other dowry but a hundred Philistine foreskins as revenge on his enemies.’” But Saul intended to cause David’s death at the hands of the Philistines.
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
way·yō·mer
replied ,
replied ,
ṯō·mə·rū
“ Say
“ Say
kōh-
-
-
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
to David ,
to David ,
lam·me·leḵ
‘ The king
‘ The king
ḥê·p̄eṣ
desires
desires
’ên-
no
no
bə·mō·har
other dowry
other dowry
kî
but
but
bə·mê·’āh
a hundred
a hundred
pə·liš·tîm
Philistine
Philistine
‘ā·rə·lō·wṯ
foreskins
foreskins
lə·hin·nā·qêm
as revenge
as revenge
ham·me·leḵ
on his
on his
bə·’ō·yə·ḇê
enemies . ’”
enemies . ’”
wə·šā·’ūl
But Saul
But Saul
ḥā·šaḇ
intended
intended
dā·wiḏ
to cause David’s
to cause David’s
lə·hap·pîl
death
death
’eṯ-
-
-
bə·yaḏ-
at the hands
at the hands
pə·liš·tîm
of the Philistines .
of the Philistines .
When the servants reported these terms to David, he was pleased to become the king’s son-in-law. Before the wedding day arrived,
‘ă·ḇā·ḏāw
When the servants
When the servants
way·yag·gi·ḏū
reported
reported
hā·’êl·leh
these
these
had·də·ḇā·rîm
terms
terms
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
to David ,
to David ,
’eṯ-
-
-
ḏā·wiḏ
[he]
[he]
way·yi·šar
was pleased
was pleased
had·dā·ḇār
. . .
. . .
bə·‘ê·nê
. . .
. . .
bam·me·leḵ
to become the king’s
to become the king’s
lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên
son-in-law .
son-in-law .
wə·lō
-
-
mā·lə·’ū
vvv
vvv
hay·yā·mîm
Before the wedding day arrived ,
Before the wedding day arrived ,
David and his men went out and killed two hundred Philistines. He brought their foreskins and presented them as payment in full to become the king’s son-in-law. Then Saul gave his daughter Michal to David in marriage.
mî·ḵal
Michal
Michal
lōw
to [David]
to [David]
lə·’iš·šāh
{in marriage} .
{in marriage} .
way·yā·qām
-
-
dā·wiḏ
David
David
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
way·yê·leḵ
went out
went out
hū
. . .
. . .
way·yaḵ
and killed
and killed
mā·ṯa·yim
two hundred
two hundred
’îš
. . .
. . .
bap·pə·liš·tîm
Philistines .
Philistines .
ḏā·wiḏ
He
He
’eṯ-
-
-
way·yā·ḇê
brought
brought
‘ā·rə·lō·ṯê·hem
their foreskins
their foreskins
way·mal·’ūm
and presented them as payment in full
and presented them as payment in full
bam·me·leḵ
to become
to become
lam·me·leḵ
the king’s
the king’s
lə·hiṯ·ḥat·tên
son-in-law .
son-in-law .
šā·’ūl
Then Saul
Then Saul
’eṯ-
-
-
way·yit·ten-
gave
gave
bit·tōw
his daughter
his daughter
When Saul realized that the LORD was with David and that his daughter Michal loved David,
he grew even more afraid of David. So from then on Saul was David’s enemy.
Every time the Philistine commanders came out for battle, David was more successful than all of Saul’s officers, so that his name was highly esteemed.
mid·dê
Every time
Every time
ṣê·ṯām
. . .
. . .
p̄ə·liš·tîm
the Philistine
the Philistine
way·hî
. . .
. . .
śā·rê
commanders
commanders
way·yê·ṣə·’ū
came out [for battle] ,
came out [for battle] ,
dā·wiḏ
David
David
śā·ḵal
was more successful
was more successful
mik·kōl
than all
than all
šā·’ūl
of Saul’s
of Saul’s
‘aḇ·ḏê
officers ,
officers ,
šə·mōw
so that his name
so that his name
mə·’ōḏ
was highly
was highly
way·yî·qar
esteemed .
esteemed .