Berean Interlinear
1 Samuel
Chapter 23
Now it was reported to David, “Look, the Philistines are fighting against Keilah and looting the threshing floors.”
way·yag·gi·ḏū
Now it was reported
Now it was reported
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
to David
to David
lê·mōr
. . . ,
. . . ,
hin·nêh
“ Look ,
“ Look ,
p̄ə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
nil·ḥā·mîm
are fighting
are fighting
biq·‘î·lāh
against Keilah
against Keilah
wə·hêm·māh
. . .
. . .
šō·sîm
and looting
and looting
’eṯ-
-
-
hag·go·rā·nō·wṯ
the threshing floors .”
the threshing floors .”
So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go and attack these Philistines?” And the LORD said to David, “Go and attack the Philistines and save Keilah.”
dā·wiḏ
So David
So David
way·yiš·’al
inquired
inquired
Yah·weh
of the LORD
of the LORD
lê·mōr
- ,
- ,
ha·’ê·lêḵ
“ Should I go
“ Should I go
wə·hik·kê·ṯî
and attack
and attack
hå̄·ʾēl·lɛ·hs
these
these
bap·pə·liš·tîm
Philistines ? ”
Philistines ? ”
Yah·weh
And the LORD
And the LORD
way·yō·mer
said
said
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David ,
David ,
lêḵ
“ Go
“ Go
wə·hik·kî·ṯā
and attack
and attack
ḇap·pə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
wə·hō·wō·ša‘·tā
and save
and save
’eṯ-
-
-
qə·‘î·lāh
Keilah .”
Keilah .”
But David’s men said to him, “Look, we are afraid here in Judah; how much more if we go to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines?”
ḏā·wiḏ
But David’s
But David’s
’an·šê
men
men
way·yō·mə·rū
said
said
’ê·lāw
to him ,
to him ,
hin·nêh
“ Look ,
“ Look ,
’ă·naḥ·nū
we
we
yə·rê·’îm
are afraid
are afraid
p̄ōh
here
here
bî·hū·ḏāh
in Judah ;
in Judah ;
wə·’ap̄
how much more
how much more
kî-
if
if
nê·lêḵ
we go
we go
qə·‘i·lāh
to Keilah
to Keilah
’el-
against
against
ma·‘ar·ḵō·wṯ
the armies of
the armies of
pə·liš·tîm
the Philistines ? ”
the Philistines ? ”
Once again, David inquired of the LORD, and the LORD answered him: “Go at once to Keilah, for I will deliver the Philistines into your hand.”
way·yō·w·sep̄
Once again
Once again
‘ō·wḏ
. . . ,
. . . ,
dā·wiḏ
David
David
liš·’ōl
inquired
inquired
bay·h·wå̄·hs
of the LORD ,
of the LORD ,
Yah·weh
and the LORD
and the LORD
way·yō·mer
. . .
. . .
way·ya·‘ă·nê·hū
answered him :
answered him :
rêḏ
“ Go
“ Go
qūm
at once
at once
qə·‘î·lāh
to Keilah ,
to Keilah ,
kî-
for
for
’ă·nî
I
I
nō·ṯên
will deliver
will deliver
pə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
’eṯ-
-
-
bə·yā·ḏe·ḵā
into your hand .”
into your hand .”
Then David and his men went to Keilah, fought against the Philistines, and carried off their livestock, striking them with a mighty blow. So David saved the people of Keilah.
dā·wiḏ
Then David
Then David
wə·ʾă·nå̄·šō
and his men
and his men
way·yê·leḵ
went
went
qə·‘î·lāh
to Keilah ,
to Keilah ,
way·yil·lā·ḥem
fought
fought
bap·pə·liš·tîm
against the Philistines ,
against the Philistines ,
way·yin·haḡ
and carried off
and carried off
miq·nê·hem
their livestock ,
their livestock ,
’eṯ-
-
-
way·yaḵ
striking
striking
bā·hem
them
them
ḡə·ḏō·w·lāh
with a mighty
with a mighty
mak·kāh
blow .
blow .
dā·wiḏ
So David
So David
’êṯ
-
-
way·yō·ša‘
saved
saved
yō·šə·ḇê
the people
the people
qə·‘î·lāh
of Keilah .
of Keilah .
(Now Abiathar son of Ahimelech had brought the ephod with him when he fled to David at Keilah.)
way·hî
( Now
( Now
’eḇ·yā·ṯār
Abiathar
Abiathar
ben-
son
son
’ă·ḥî·me·leḵ
of Ahimelech
of Ahimelech
yā·raḏ
had brought
had brought
’ê·p̄ō·wḏ
the ephod
the ephod
bə·yā·ḏōw
with him
with him
biḇ·rō·aḥ
when he fled
when he fled
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David
David
qə·‘î·lāh
at Keilah . )
at Keilah . )
When Saul was told that David had gone to Keilah, he said, “God has delivered him into my hand, for he has trapped himself by entering a town with gates and bars.”
lə·šā·’ūl
When Saul
When Saul
way·yug·gaḏ
was told
was told
kî-
that
that
ḏā·wiḏ
David
David
ḇā
had gone
had gone
qə·‘î·lāh
to Keilah ,
to Keilah ,
šā·’ūl
he
he
way·yō·mer
said ,
said ,
’ĕ·lō·hîm
“ God
“ God
nik·kar
has delivered
has delivered
’ō·ṯōw
him
him
bə·yā·ḏî
into my hand ,
into my hand ,
kî
for
for
nis·gar
he has trapped himself
he has trapped himself
lā·ḇō·w
by entering
by entering
bə·‘îr
a town
a town
də·lā·ṯa·yim
with gates
with gates
ū·ḇə·rî·aḥ
and bars .”
and bars .”
Then Saul summoned all his troops to go to war at Keilah and besiege David and his men.
šā·’ūl
Then Saul
Then Saul
’eṯ-
-
-
way·šam·ma‘
summoned
summoned
kāl-
all
all
hā·‘ām
his troops
his troops
lā·re·ḏeṯ
to go
to go
lam·mil·ḥā·māh
to war
to war
qə·‘î·lāh
at Keilah
at Keilah
lā·ṣūr
and besiege
and besiege
’el-
. . .
. . .
dā·wiḏ
David
David
wə·’el-
. . .
. . .
’ă·nā·šāw
and his men .
and his men .
When David learned that Saul was plotting evil against him, he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod.”
dā·wiḏ
When David
When David
way·yê·ḏa‘
learned
learned
kî
that
that
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
ma·ḥă·rîš
was plotting
was plotting
hā·rā·‘āh
evil
evil
‘ā·lāw
against him ,
against him ,
way·yō·mer
he said
he said
’el-
to
to
’eḇ·yā·ṯār
Abiathar
Abiathar
hak·kō·hên
the priest ,
the priest ,
hag·gî·šāh
“ Bring
“ Bring
hā·’ê·p̄ō·wḏ
the ephod .”
the ephod .”
And David said, “O LORD, God of Israel, Your servant has heard that Saul intends to come to Keilah and destroy the city on my account.
dā·wiḏ
And David
And David
way·yō·mer
said ,
said ,
Yah·weh
“ O LORD ,
“ O LORD ,
’ĕ·lō·hê
God
God
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel ,
of Israel ,
‘aḇ·də·ḵā
Your servant
Your servant
šā·mō·a‘
has heard
has heard
šā·ma‘
. . .
. . .
kî-
that
that
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
mə·ḇaq·qêš
intends
intends
lā·ḇō·w
to come
to come
’el-
to
to
qə·‘î·lāh
Keilah
Keilah
lə·ša·ḥêṯ
and destroy
and destroy
lā·‘îr
the city
the city
ba·‘ă·ḇū·rî
on my account .
on my account .
Will the citizens of Keilah surrender me into his hand? Will Saul come down, as Your servant has heard? O LORD, God of Israel, please tell Your servant.” “He will,” said the LORD.
ḇa·‘ă·lê
Will the citizens
Will the citizens
qə·‘î·lāh
of Keilah
of Keilah
hă·yas·gi·ru·nî
surrender me
surrender me
ḇə·yā·ḏōw
into his hand ?
into his hand ?
šā·’ūl
Will Saul
Will Saul
hă·yê·rêḏ
come down ,
come down ,
ka·’ă·šer
as
as
‘aḇ·de·ḵā
Your servant
Your servant
šā·ma‘
has heard ?
has heard ?
Yah·weh
O LORD ,
O LORD ,
’ĕ·lō·hê
God
God
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel ,
of Israel ,
nā
please
please
hag·geḏ-
tell
tell
lə·ʿaḇ·dɛ·ḵå̄s
Your servant .”
Your servant .”
yê·rêḏ
“ He will ,”
“ He will ,”
way·yō·mer
said
said
Yah·weh
the LORD .
the LORD .
So David asked, “Will the citizens of Keilah surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul?” “They will,” said the LORD.
dā·wiḏ
So David
So David
way·yō·mer
asked ,
asked ,
ba·‘ă·lê
“ Will the citizens
“ Will the citizens
qə·‘î·lāh
of Keilah
of Keilah
hă·yas·gi·rū
surrender
surrender
’ō·ṯî
me
me
wə·’eṯ-
and
and
’ă·nā·šay
my men
my men
bə·yaḏ-
into the hand
into the hand
šā·’ūl
of Saul ?”
of Saul ?”
yas·gî·rū
“ They will ,”
“ They will ,”
way·yō·mer
said
said
Yah·weh
the LORD .
the LORD .
Then David and his men, about six hundred strong, set out and departed from Keilah, moving from place to place. When Saul was told that David had escaped from Keilah, he declined to go forth.
dā·wiḏ
Then David
Then David
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men ,
and his men ,
kə·šêš-
about six
about six
mê·’ō·wṯ
hundred [strong] ,
hundred [strong] ,
way·yā·qām
set out
set out
’îš
-
-
way·yê·ṣə·’ū
and departed
and departed
miq·qə·‘i·lāh
from Keilah ,
from Keilah ,
way·yiṯ·hal·lə·ḵū
moving from place to place
moving from place to place
ba·’ă·šer
-
-
yiṯ·hal·lā·ḵū
- .
- .
ū·lə·šā·’ūl
When Saul
When Saul
hug·gaḏ
was told
was told
kî-
that
that
dā·wiḏ
David
David
nim·laṭ
had escaped
had escaped
miq·qə·‘î·lāh
from Keilah ,
from Keilah ,
way·yeḥ·dal
he declined
he declined
lā·ṣêṯ
to go forth .
to go forth .
And David stayed in the wilderness strongholds and in the hill country of the Wilderness of Ziph. Day after day Saul searched for him, but God would not deliver David into his hand.
bə·miḏ·bar-
of the Wilderness
of the Wilderness
zîp̄
of Ziph .
of Ziph .
kāl-
Day
Day
hay·yā·mîm
after day
after day
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
way·ḇaq·šê·hū
searched for him ,
searched for him ,
’ĕ·lō·hîm
but God
but God
wə·lō-
would not
would not
nə·ṯā·nōw
deliver [David]
deliver [David]
bə·yā·ḏōw
into his hand .
into his hand .
dā·wiḏ
And David
And David
way·yê·šeḇ
stayed
stayed
bam·miḏ·bār
in the wilderness
in the wilderness
bam·mə·ṣā·ḏō·wṯ
strongholds
strongholds
way·yê·šeḇ
. . .
. . .
bā·hār
and in the hill country
and in the hill country
While David was in Horesh in the Wilderness of Ziph, he saw that Saul had come out to take his life.
ḏå̄·wiḏ
While David
While David
ba·ḥō·rə·šāh
was in Horesh
was in Horesh
bə·miḏ·bar-
in the Wilderness
in the Wilderness
zîp̄
of Ziph ,
of Ziph ,
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
he
he
way·yar
saw
saw
kî-
that
that
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
yā·ṣā
had come out
had come out
lə·ḇaq·qêš
to take
to take
’eṯ-
-
-
nap̄·šōw
his life .
his life .
And Saul’s son Jonathan came to David in Horesh and strengthened his hand in God,
way·yā·qām
And
And
šā·’ūl
Saul’s
Saul’s
ben-
son
son
yə·hō·w·nā·ṯān
Jonathan
Jonathan
way·yê·leḵ
came
came
’el-
to
to
dā·wiḏ
David
David
ḥō·rə·šāh
in Horesh
in Horesh
way·ḥaz·zêq
and strengthened
and strengthened
’eṯ-
-
-
yā·ḏōw
his hand
his hand
bê·lō·hîm
in God ,
in God ,
saying, “Do not be afraid, for my father Saul will never lay a hand on you. And you will be king over Israel, and I will be your second-in-command. Even my father Saul knows this is true.”
way·yō·mer
saying ,
saying ,
’ê·lāw
. . .
. . .
’al-
“ Do not
“ Do not
tî·rā
be afraid ,
be afraid ,
kî
for
for
’ā·ḇî
my father
my father
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
lō
will never
will never
ṯim·ṣā·’ă·ḵā
lay a hand on
lay a hand on
yaḏ
you .
you .
wə·’at·tāh
And you
And you
tim·lōḵ
will be king
will be king
‘al-
over
over
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel ,
Israel ,
wə·’ā·nō·ḵî
and I will
and I will
’eh·yeh-
be
be
lə·ḵā
your
your
lə·miš·neh
second-in-command .
second-in-command .
wə·ḡam-
Even
Even
’ā·ḇî
my father
my father
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
yō·ḏê·a‘
knows
knows
kên
this is true .”
this is true .”
So the two of them made a covenant before the LORD. And David remained in Horesh, while Jonathan went home.
šə·nê·hem
So the two
So the two
way·yiḵ·rə·ṯū
of them made
of them made
bə·rîṯ
a covenant
a covenant
lip̄·nê
before
before
Yah·weh
the LORD .
the LORD .
dā·wiḏ
And David
And David
way·yê·šeḇ
remained
remained
ba·ḥō·rə·šāh
in Horesh ,
in Horesh ,
wî·hō·w·nā·ṯān
while Jonathan
while Jonathan
hā·laḵ
went
went
lə·ḇê·ṯōw
home .
home .
Then the Ziphites came up to Saul at Gibeah and said, “Is not David hiding among us in the strongholds at Horesh, on the hill of Hachilah south of Jeshimon?
zi·p̄îm
Then the Ziphites
Then the Ziphites
way·ya·‘ă·lū
came up
came up
’el-
to
to
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
hag·giḇ·‘ā·ṯāh
at Gibeah
at Gibeah
lê·mōr
and said ,
and said ,
hă·lō·w
“ Is not
“ Is not
ḏā·wiḏ
David
David
mis·tat·têr
hiding
hiding
‘im·mā·nū
among us
among us
ḇam·mə·ṣā·ḏō·wṯ
in the strongholds
in the strongholds
ba·ḥō·rə·šāh
at Horesh ,
at Horesh ,
bə·ḡiḇ·‘aṯ
on the hill
on the hill
ha·ḥă·ḵî·lāh
of Hachilah
of Hachilah
’ă·šer
-
-
mî·mîn
south
south
hay·šî·mō·wn
of Jeshimon ?
of Jeshimon ?
Now, O king, come down whenever your soul desires, and we will be responsible for delivering him into your hand.”
wə·‘at·tāh
Now ,
Now ,
ham·me·leḵ
O king ,
O king ,
rêḏ
come down
come down
lə·ḵāl
whenever
whenever
nap̄·šə·ḵā
your soul
your soul
’aw·waṯ
desires
desires
lā·re·ḏeṯ
- ,
- ,
wə·lā·nū
and we will be responsible
and we will be responsible
has·gî·rōw
for delivering him
for delivering him
bə·yaḏ
into your hand
into your hand
ham·me·leḵ
. . . .”
. . . .”
“May you be blessed by the LORD,” replied Saul, “for you have had compassion on me.
’at·tem
“ May you
“ May you
bə·rū·ḵîm
be blessed
be blessed
Yah·weh
by the LORD , ”
by the LORD , ”
way·yō·mer
replied
replied
šā·’ūl
Saul ,
Saul ,
kî
“ for
“ for
ḥă·mal·tem
you have had compassion
you have had compassion
‘ā·lāy
on me .
on me .
Please go and prepare further. Investigate and watch carefully where he goes and who has seen him there, for I am told that he is extremely cunning.
nā
Please
Please
lə·ḵū-
go
go
hā·ḵî·nū
and prepare
and prepare
‘ō·wḏ
further .
further .
ū·ḏə·‘ū
Investigate
Investigate
ū·rə·’ū
and watch
and watch
’eṯ-
-
-
mə·qō·w·mōw
-
-
’ă·šer
carefully where
carefully where
tih·yeh
he goes
he goes
raḡ·lōw
. . .
. . .
mî
and who
and who
rā·’ā·hū
has seen him
has seen him
šām
there ,
there ,
kî
for
for
’ā·mar
I am told that
I am told that
’ê·lay
hū
he
he
‘ā·rō·wm
is extremely
is extremely
ya‘·rim
cunning .
cunning .
Observe and find out all the places where he hides. Then come back to me with certainty, and I will go with you. If he is in the land, I will search him out among all the clans of Judah.”
ū·rə·’ū
Observe
Observe
ū·ḏə·‘ū
and find out
and find out
mik·kōl
all
all
ham·ma·ḥă·ḇō·’îm
the places
the places
’ă·šer
where
where
yiṯ·ḥab·bê
he hides .
he hides .
šām
. . .
. . .
wə·šaḇ·tem
Then come back
Then come back
’ê·lay
to me
to me
’el-
with
with
nā·ḵō·wn
certainty ,
certainty ,
wə·hā·laḵ·tî
and I will go
and I will go
’it·tə·ḵem
with you .
with you .
wə·hā·yāh
. . .
. . .
’im-
If
If
yeš·nōw
he is
he is
ḇā·’ā·reṣ
in the land ,
in the land ,
wə·ḥip·paś·tî
I will search him out
I will search him out
’ō·ṯōw
-
-
bə·ḵōl
among all
among all
’al·p̄ê
the clans
the clans
yə·hū·ḏāh
of Judah .”
of Judah .”
So they set out and went to Ziph ahead of Saul. Now David and his men were in the Wilderness of Maon in the Arabah south of Jeshimon,
way·yā·qū·mū
So they set out
So they set out
way·yê·lə·ḵū
and went
and went
zî·p̄āh
to Ziph
to Ziph
lip̄·nê
ahead of
ahead of
šā·’ūl
Saul .
Saul .
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
Now David
Now David
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
bə·miḏ·bar
were in the Wilderness
were in the Wilderness
mā·‘ō·wn
of Maon
of Maon
bā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh
in the Arabah
in the Arabah
’el
. . .
. . .
yə·mîn
south
south
hay·šî·mō·wn
of Jeshimon ,
of Jeshimon ,
and Saul and his men went to seek him. When David was told about it, he went down to the rock and stayed in the Wilderness of Maon. And when Saul heard of this, he pursued David there.
šā·’ūl
and Saul
and Saul
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
way·yê·leḵ
went
went
lə·ḇaq·qêš
to seek [him] .
to seek [him] .
lə·ḏā·wiḏ
When David
When David
way·yag·gi·ḏū
was told about it ,
was told about it ,
way·yê·reḏ
he went down
he went down
has·se·la‘
to the rock
to the rock
way·yê·šeḇ
and stayed
and stayed
bə·miḏ·bar
in the Wilderness
in the Wilderness
mā·‘ō·wn
of Maon .
of Maon .
šā·’ūl
And when Saul
And when Saul
way·yiš·ma‘
heard of this ,
heard of this ,
way·yir·dōp̄
he pursued
he pursued
’a·ḥă·rê-
. . .
. . .
ḏā·wiḏ
David
David
miḏ·bar
there
there
mā·‘ō·wn
. . . .
. . . .
Saul was proceeding along one side of the mountain, and David and his men along the other side. Even though David was hurrying to get away, Saul and his men were closing in on David and his men to capture them.
šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
way·yê·leḵ
was proceeding along
was proceeding along
miz·zeh
one
one
miṣ·ṣaḏ
side
side
hā·hār
of the mountain ,
of the mountain ,
wə·ḏā·wiḏ
and David
and David
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
miz·zeh
along the other
along the other
way·hî
. . .
. . .
miṣ·ṣaḏ
side .
side .
hā·hār
. . .
. . .
ḏā·wiḏ
Even though David
Even though David
neḥ·pāz
was hurrying
was hurrying
lā·le·ḵeṯ
to get away
to get away
mip·pə·nê
-
-
šā·’ūl
- ,
- ,
wə·šā·’ūl
Saul
Saul
wa·’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
‘ō·ṭə·rîm
were closing
were closing
’el-
in on
in on
dā·wiḏ
David
David
wə·’el-
. . .
. . .
’ă·nā·šāw
and his men
and his men
lə·ṯā·p̄ə·śām
to capture them .
to capture them .
Then a messenger came to Saul, saying, “Come quickly, for the Philistines have raided the land!”
ū·mal·’āḵ
Then a messenger
Then a messenger
bā
came
came
’el-
to
to
šā·’ūl
Saul ,
Saul ,
lê·mōr
saying ,
saying ,
wə·lê·ḵāh
“ Come
“ Come
ma·hă·rāh
quickly ,
quickly ,
kî-
for
for
p̄ə·liš·tîm
the Philistines
the Philistines
‘al-
. . .
. . .
p̄ā·šə·ṭū
have raided
have raided
hā·’ā·reṣ
the land !”
the land !”
So Saul broke off his pursuit of David and went to meet the Philistines. That is why that place is called Sela-hammahlekoth.
šā·’ūl
So Saul
So Saul
way·yā·šāḇ
broke off
broke off
mir·ḏōp̄
his pursuit
his pursuit
’a·ḥă·rê
. . .
. . .
ḏā·wiḏ
of David
of David
way·yê·leḵ
and went
and went
liq·raṯ
to meet
to meet
pə·liš·tîm
the Philistines .
the Philistines .
‘al-
That is why
That is why
kên
. . .
. . .
ha·hū
that
that
lam·mā·qō·wm
place
place
qā·rə·’ū
is called
is called
se·la‘
vvv
vvv
ham·maḥ·lə·qō·wṯ
Sela-hammahlekoth .
Sela-hammahlekoth .
And David went up from there and lived in the strongholds of En-gedi.
dā·wiḏ
And David
And David
way·ya·‘al
went up
went up
miš·šām
from there
from there
way·yê·šeḇ
and lived
and lived
bim·ṣā·ḏō·wṯ
in the strongholds
in the strongholds
‘ên-
vvv
vvv
ge·ḏî
of En-gedi .
of En-gedi .