Berean Interlinear
Exodus
Chapter 18
Now Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian, heard about all that God had done for Moses and His people Israel, and how the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.
mō·šeh
Now Moses’
Now Moses’
’êṯ
-
-
ḥō·ṯên
father-in-law
father-in-law
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro ,
Jethro ,
ḵō·hên
the priest
the priest
miḏ·yān
of Midian ,
of Midian ,
way·yiš·ma‘
heard
heard
kāl-
about all
about all
’ă·šer
that
that
’ĕ·lō·hîm
God
God
‘ā·śāh
had done
had done
lə·mō·šeh
for Moses
for Moses
‘am·mōw
and His people
and His people
ū·lə·yiś·rā·’êl
Israel ,
Israel ,
kî-
and how
and how
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
’eṯ-
-
-
hō·w·ṣî
had brought
had brought
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
mim·miṣ·rā·yim
out of Egypt .
out of Egypt .
After Moses had sent back his wife Zipporah, his father-in-law Jethro had received her,
’a·ḥar
After
After
mō·šeh
Moses
Moses
šil·lū·ḥe·hā
had sent back
had sent back
’ê·šeṯ
his wife
his wife
ṣip·pō·rāh
Zipporah ,
Zipporah ,
mō·šeh
[his]
[his]
’eṯ-
-
-
ḥō·ṯên
father-in-law
father-in-law
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro
Jethro
way·yiq·qaḥ
had received her ,
had received her ,
along with her two sons. One son was named Gershom, for Moses had said, “I have been a foreigner in a foreign land.”
wə·’êṯ
along with
along with
šə·nê
her two
her two
ḇā·ne·hā
sons .
sons .
hā·’e·ḥāḏ
One
One
’ă·šer
[son]
[son]
šêm
was named
was named
gê·rə·šōm
Gershom ,
Gershom ,
kî
for
for
’ā·mar
Moses had said ,
Moses had said ,
hā·yî·ṯî
“ I have been
“ I have been
gêr
a foreigner
a foreigner
nā·ḵə·rî·yāh
in a foreign
in a foreign
bə·’e·reṣ
land . ”
land . ”
The other son was named Eliezer, for Moses had said, “The God of my father was my helper and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.”
hā·’e·ḥāḏ
The other [son]
The other [son]
wə·šêm
was named
was named
’ĕ·lî·‘e·zer
Eliezer ,
Eliezer ,
kî-
for [Moses had said] ,
for [Moses had said] ,
’ĕ·lō·hê
“ The God
“ The God
’ā·ḇî
of my father
of my father
bə·‘ez·rî
was my helper
was my helper
way·yaṣ·ṣi·lê·nî
and delivered me
and delivered me
mê·ḥe·reḇ
from the sword
from the sword
par·‘ōh
of Pharaoh . ”
of Pharaoh . ”
Moses’ father-in-law Jethro, along with Moses’ wife and sons, came to him in the desert, where he was encamped at the mountain of God.
ḥō·ṯên
Moses’ father-in-law
Moses’ father-in-law
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro ,
Jethro ,
mō·šeh
along with Moses’
along with Moses’
wə·’iš·tōw
wife
wife
ū·ḇā·nāw
and sons ,
and sons ,
way·yā·ḇō
came
came
’el-
to
to
mō·šeh
him
him
’el-
in
in
ham·miḏ·bār
the desert ,
the desert ,
’ă·šer-
where
where
hū
he
he
ḥō·neh
was encamped
was encamped
šām
. . .
. . .
har
at the mountain
at the mountain
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
of God .
of God .
He sent word to Moses, “I, your father-in-law Jethro, am coming to you with your wife and her two sons.”
way·yō·mer
He sent word
He sent word
’el-
to
to
mō·šeh
Moses ,
Moses ,
’ă·nî
“ I ,
“ I ,
ḥō·ṯen·ḵā
your father-in-law
your father-in-law
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro ,
Jethro ,
bā
am coming
am coming
’ê·le·ḵā
to
to
wə·’iš·tə·ḵā
you with your wife
you with your wife
‘im·māh
and her
and her
ū·šə·nê
two
two
ḇā·ne·hā
sons . ”
sons . ”
So Moses went out to meet his father-in-law and bowed down and kissed him. They greeted each other and went into the tent.
mō·šeh
So Moses
So Moses
liq·raṯ
. . .
. . .
way·yê·ṣê
went out to meet
went out to meet
ḥō·ṯə·nōw
his father-in-law
his father-in-law
way·yiš·ta·ḥū
and bowed down
and bowed down
way·yiš·šaq-
and kissed
and kissed
lōw
him .
him .
way·yiš·’ă·lū
They greeted
They greeted
lə·šā·lō·wm
. . .
. . .
’îš-
each
each
lə·rê·‘ê·hū
other
other
way·yā·ḇō·’ū
and went
and went
hā·’ō·hĕ·lāh
into the tent .
into the tent .
Then Moses recounted to his father-in-law all that the LORD had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel’s sake, all the hardships they had encountered along the way, and how the LORD had delivered them.
mō·šeh
Then Moses
Then Moses
way·sap·pêr
recounted
recounted
lə·ḥō·ṯə·nōw
to his father-in-law
to his father-in-law
’êṯ
-
-
kāl-
all
all
’ă·šer
that
that
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
‘ā·śāh
had done
had done
lə·p̄ar·‘ōh
to Pharaoh
to Pharaoh
ū·lə·miṣ·ra·yim
and the Egyptians
and the Egyptians
‘al
for
for
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel’s
Israel’s
’êṯ
-
-
’ō·w·ḏōṯ
sake ,
sake ,
kāl-
all
all
hat·tə·lā·’āh
the hardships
the hardships
’ă·šer
-
-
mə·ṣā·’ā·ṯam
they had encountered
they had encountered
bad·de·reḵ
along the way ,
along the way ,
Yah·weh
and how the LORD
and how the LORD
way·yaṣ·ṣi·lêm
had delivered them .
had delivered them .
And Jethro rejoiced over all the good things the LORD had done for Israel, whom He had rescued from the hand of the Egyptians.
yiṯ·rōw
And Jethro
And Jethro
way·yi·ḥad
rejoiced
rejoiced
‘al
over
over
kāl-
all
all
haṭ·ṭō·w·ḇāh
the good things
the good things
’ă·šer-
-
-
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
‘ā·śāh
had done
had done
lə·yiś·rā·’êl
for Israel ,
for Israel ,
’ă·šer
whom
whom
hiṣ·ṣî·lōw
He had rescued
He had rescued
mî·yaḏ
from the hand
from the hand
miṣ·rā·yim
of the Egyptians .
of the Egyptians .
Jethro declared, “Blessed be the LORD, who has delivered you from the hand of the Egyptians and of Pharaoh, and who has delivered the people from the hand of the Egyptians.
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro
Jethro
way·yō·mer
declared ,
declared ,
bā·rūḵ
“ Blessed [be]
“ Blessed [be]
Yah·weh
the LORD ,
the LORD ,
’ă·šer
who
who
hiṣ·ṣîl
has delivered
has delivered
’eṯ·ḵem
you
you
mî·yaḏ
from the hand
from the hand
miṣ·ra·yim
of the Egyptians
of the Egyptians
ū·mî·yaḏ
-
-
par·‘ōh
and of Pharaoh ,
and of Pharaoh ,
’ă·šer
and who
and who
hiṣ·ṣîl
has delivered
has delivered
’eṯ-
-
-
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
mit·ta·ḥaṯ
from
from
yaḏ-
the hand
the hand
miṣ·rā·yim
of the Egyptians .
of the Egyptians .
Now I know that the LORD is greater than all other gods, for He did this when they treated Israel with arrogance.”
‘at·tāh
Now
Now
yā·ḏa‘·tî
I know
I know
kî-
that
that
Yah·weh
the LORD
the LORD
ḡā·ḏō·wl
is greater
is greater
mik·kāl
than all other
than all other
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
gods ,
gods ,
kî
for
for
ḇad·dā·ḇār
He did this
He did this
’ă·šer
when they
when they
zā·ḏū
treated Israel with arrogance
treated Israel with arrogance
‘ă·lê·hem
. . . . ”
. . . . ”
Then Moses’ father-in-law Jethro brought a burnt offering and sacrifices to God, and Aaron came with all the elders of Israel to eat bread with Moses’ father-in-law in the presence of God.
mō·šeh
Then Moses’
Then Moses’
ḥō·ṯên
father-in-law
father-in-law
yiṯ·rōw
Jethro
Jethro
way·yiq·qaḥ
brought
brought
‘ō·lāh
a burnt offering
a burnt offering
ū·zə·ḇā·ḥîm
and sacrifices
and sacrifices
lê·lō·hîm
to God ,
to God ,
’a·hă·rōn
and Aaron
and Aaron
way·yā·ḇō
came
came
wə·ḵōl
with all
with all
ziq·nê
the elders
the elders
yiś·rā·’êl
of Israel
of Israel
le·’ĕ·ḵāl-
to eat
to eat
le·ḥem
bread
bread
‘im-
with
with
mō·šeh
Moses’
Moses’
ḥō·ṯên
father-in-law
father-in-law
lip̄·nê
in the presence
in the presence
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
of God .
of God .
The next day Moses took his seat to judge the people, and they stood around him from morning until evening.
mō·šeh
[him]
[him]
min-
from
from
hab·bō·qer
morning
morning
‘aḏ-
until
until
hā·‘ā·reḇ
evening .
evening .
way·hî
-
-
mim·mā·ḥo·rāṯ
The next day
The next day
mō·šeh
Moses
Moses
way·yê·šeḇ
took his seat
took his seat
liš·pōṭ
to judge
to judge
’eṯ-
-
-
hā·‘ām
the people ,
the people ,
way·ya·‘ă·mōḏ
and they stood
and they stood
hā·‘ām
. . .
. . .
‘al-
around
around
When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he asked, “What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone as judge, with all the people standing around you from morning till evening?”
mō·šeh
When [his]
When [his]
’êṯ
-
-
ḥō·ṯên
father-in-law
father-in-law
way·yar
saw
saw
kāl-
all
all
’ă·šer-
that
that
hū
[Moses]
[Moses]
‘ō·śeh
was doing
was doing
lā·‘ām
for the people ,
for the people ,
way·yō·mer
he asked ,
he asked ,
māh-
“ What
“ What
haz·zeh
is this
is this
’ă·šer
that
that
had·dā·ḇār
-
-
’at·tāh
you are
you are
‘ō·śeh
doing
doing
lā·‘ām
for the people ?
for the people ?
mad·dū·a‘
Why
Why
’at·tāh
do you
do you
yō·wō·šêḇ
sit
sit
lə·ḇad·de·ḵā
alone [as judge] ,
alone [as judge] ,
wə·ḵāl
with all
with all
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
niṣ·ṣāḇ
standing
standing
‘ā·le·ḵā
around
around
min-
you from
you from
bō·qer
morning
morning
‘aḏ-
till
till
‘ā·reḇ
evening ? ”
evening ? ”
“Because the people come to me to inquire of God,” Moses replied.
kî-
“ Because
“ Because
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
yā·ḇō
come
come
’ê·lay
to me
to me
liḏ·rōš
to inquire
to inquire
’ĕ·lō·hîm
of God , ”
of God , ”
mō·šeh
Moses
Moses
way·yō·mer
replied
replied
lə·ḥō·ṯə·nōw
- .
- .
“Whenever they have a dispute, it is brought to me to judge between one man and another, and I make known to them the statutes and laws of God.”
kî-
“ Whenever
“ Whenever
yih·yeh
they have
they have
lā·hem
. . .
. . .
dā·ḇār
a dispute ,
a dispute ,
bā
it is brought
it is brought
’ê·lay
to me
to me
wə·šā·p̄aṭ·tî
to judge
to judge
bên
between
between
’îš
one man
one man
ū·ḇên
. . .
. . .
rê·‘ê·hū
and another ,
and another ,
wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tî
and I make known
and I make known
’eṯ-
to them
to them
ḥuq·qê
the statutes
the statutes
wə·’eṯ-
and
and
tō·w·rō·ṯāw
laws
laws
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
of God . ”
of God . ”
But Moses’ father-in-law said to him, “What you are doing is not good.
Surely you and these people with you will wear yourselves out, because the task is too heavy for you. You cannot handle it alone.
gam-
Surely
Surely
’at·tāh
you
you
gam-
and
and
haz·zeh
these
these
hā·‘ām
people
people
’ă·šer
-
-
‘im·māḵ
with you
with you
nā·ḇōl
will wear yourselves out
will wear yourselves out
tib·bōl
. . . ,
. . . ,
kî-
because
because
had·dā·ḇār
the task
the task
ḵā·ḇêḏ
is too heavy
is too heavy
mim·mə·ḵā
for you .
for you .
lō-
You cannot
You cannot
ṯū·ḵal
. . .
. . .
‘ă·śō·hū
handle
handle
lə·ḇad·de·ḵā
it alone .
it alone .
Now listen to me; I will give you some advice, and may God be with you. You must be the people’s representative before God and bring their causes to Him.
‘at·tāh
Now
Now
šə·ma‘
listen to me ;
listen to me ;
bə·qō·lî
. . .
. . .
’î·‘ā·ṣə·ḵā
I will give you some advice ,
I will give you some advice ,
’ĕ·lō·hîm
and may God
and may God
wî·hî
be
be
‘im·māḵ
with you .
with you .
’at·tāh
You
You
hĕ·yêh
must be
must be
lā·‘ām
the people’s representative
the people’s representative
mūl
before
before
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
God
God
wə·hê·ḇê·ṯā
and bring
and bring
’at·tāh
. . .
. . .
’eṯ-
-
-
had·də·ḇā·rîm
their causes
their causes
’el-
to
to
hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm
Him .
Him .
Teach them the statutes and laws, and show them the way to live and the work they must do.
wə·hiz·har·tāh
Teach
Teach
’eṯ·hem
-
-
’eṯ-
them
them
ha·ḥuq·qîm
the statutes
the statutes
wə·’eṯ-
-
-
hat·tō·w·rōṯ
and laws ,
and laws ,
wə·hō·w·ḏa‘·tā
and show
and show
lā·hem
them
them
’eṯ-
-
-
had·de·reḵ
the way
the way
yê·lə·ḵū
to live
to live
ḇāh
-
-
wə·’eṯ-
-
-
ham·ma·‘ă·śeh
and the work
and the work
’ă·šer
-
-
ya·‘ă·śūn
they must do .
they must do .
Furthermore, select capable men from among the people—God-fearing, trustworthy men who are averse to dishonest gain. Appoint them over the people as leaders of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.
wə·’at·tāh
Furthermore ,
Furthermore ,
ṯe·ḥĕ·zeh
select
select
ḥa·yil
capable
capable
’an·šê-
men
men
mik·kāl
from among
from among
hā·‘ām
the people —
the people —
yir·’ê
God-fearing
God-fearing
’ĕ·lō·hîm
. . . ,
. . . ,
’an·šê
. . .
. . .
’ĕ·meṯ
trustworthy men
trustworthy men
śō·nə·’ê
who are averse
who are averse
ḇā·ṣa‘
to dishonest gain .
to dishonest gain .
wə·śam·tā
Appoint them
Appoint them
‘ă·lê·hem
over [the people]
over [the people]
śā·rê
as leaders
as leaders
’ă·lā·p̄îm
of thousands ,
of thousands ,
śā·rê
. . .
. . .
mê·’ō·wṯ
of hundreds ,
of hundreds ,
śā·rê
. . .
. . .
ḥă·miš·šîm
of fifties ,
of fifties ,
wə·śā·rê
. . .
. . .
‘ă·śā·rōṯ
and of tens .
and of tens .
Have these men judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you any major issue, but all minor cases they can judge on their own, so that your load may be lightened as they share it with you.
wə·šā·p̄ə·ṭū
Have [these men] judge
Have [these men] judge
’eṯ-
-
-
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
bə·ḵāl
at all
at all
‘êṯ
times .
times .
wə·hā·yāh
Then
Then
yā·ḇî·’ū
they can bring
they can bring
’ê·le·ḵā
you
you
kāl-
any
any
hag·gā·ḏōl
major
major
had·dā·ḇār
issue ,
issue ,
wə·ḵāl
but all
but all
haq·qā·ṭōn
minor
minor
had·dā·ḇār
cases
cases
yiš·pə·ṭū-
they can judge
they can judge
hêm
on their own ,
on their own ,
wə·hā·qêl
so that your load may be lightened
so that your load may be lightened
mê·‘ā·le·ḵā
. . .
. . .
wə·nā·śə·’ū
as they share
as they share
’it·tāḵ
it with you .
it with you .
If you follow this advice and God so directs you, then you will be able to endure, and all these people can go home in peace.”
’im
If
If
’eṯ-
-
-
ta·‘ă·śeh
you follow
you follow
haz·zeh
this
this
had·dā·ḇār
advice
advice
’ĕ·lō·hîm
and God
and God
wə·ṣiw·wə·ḵā
so directs you ,
so directs you ,
wə·yā·ḵā·lə·tā
then you will be able
then you will be able
‘ă·mōḏ
to endure ,
to endure ,
wə·ḡam
and
and
kāl-
all
all
haz·zeh
these
these
‘al-
. . .
. . .
hā·‘ām
people
people
yā·ḇō
can go
can go
mə·qō·mōw
home
home
ḇə·šā·lō·wm
in peace . ”
in peace . ”
Moses listened to his father-in-law and did everything he said.
mō·šeh
Moses
Moses
lə·qō·wl
. . .
. . .
way·yiš·ma‘
listened
listened
ḥō·ṯə·nōw
to his father-in-law
to his father-in-law
way·ya·‘aś
and did
and did
kōl
everything
everything
’ă·šer
-
-
’ā·mār
he said .
he said .
So Moses chose capable men from all Israel and made them heads over the people as leaders of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.
mō·šeh
So Moses
So Moses
way·yiḇ·ḥar
chose
chose
ḥa·yil
capable
capable
’an·šê-
men
men
mik·kāl
from all
from all
yiś·rā·’êl
Israel
Israel
way·yit·tên
and made
and made
’ō·ṯām
them
them
rā·šîm
heads
heads
‘al-
over
over
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
śā·rê
as leaders
as leaders
’ă·lā·p̄îm
of thousands ,
of thousands ,
śā·rê
. . .
. . .
mê·’ō·wṯ
of hundreds ,
of hundreds ,
śā·rê
. . .
. . .
ḥă·miš·šîm
of fifties ,
of fifties ,
wə·śā·rê
. . .
. . .
‘ă·śā·rōṯ
and of tens .
and of tens .
And they judged the people at all times; they would bring the difficult cases to Moses, but any minor issue they would judge themselves.
wə·šā·p̄ə·ṭū
And they judged
And they judged
’eṯ-
-
-
hā·‘ām
the people
the people
bə·ḵāl
at all
at all
‘êṯ
times ;
times ;
’eṯ-
-
-
yə·ḇî·’ūn
they would bring
they would bring
haq·qā·šeh
the difficult
the difficult
had·dā·ḇār
cases
cases
’el-
to
to
mō·šeh
Moses ,
Moses ,
wə·ḵāl
but any
but any
haq·qā·ṭōn
minor
minor
had·dā·ḇār
issue
issue
yiš·pū·ṭū
they would judge
they would judge
hêm
themselves .
themselves .
Then Moses sent his father-in-law on his way, and Jethro returned to his own land.
mō·šeh
Then Moses
Then Moses
’eṯ-
-
-
way·šal·laḥ
sent
sent
ḥō·ṯə·nōw
his father-in-law {on his way} ,
his father-in-law {on his way} ,
way·yê·leḵ
and [Jethro] returned
and [Jethro] returned
lōw
’el-
to
to
’ar·ṣōw
his own land .
his own land .